{"id":1840,"date":"2024-11-03T07:46:46","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T11:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/?p=1840"},"modified":"2024-11-03T10:01:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-03T14:01:48","slug":"these-are-the-communist-jews-and-khazarian-banksters-who-established-communsit-china","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/?p=1840","title":{"rendered":"<h2><b>These are the Communist Jews and Khazarian Banksters Who Established Red China<\/b><h2>"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Chinese Communism Is as Jewish as its Russian Cousin (YouTube ban winner)<\/h1>\n<p>by Silviu &#8220;Silview&#8221; Costinescu<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1853\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/commie-origins-cover.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1120\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/commie-origins-cover.webp 1120w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/commie-origins-cover-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/commie-origins-cover-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/commie-origins-cover-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1120px) 100vw, 1120px\" \/><\/p>\n<header class=\"entry-header\">\n<figure class=\"entry-image\"><\/figure>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"entry-sidebar-wrapper\"><span class=\"entry-date\"><a href=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2021\/05\/29\/chinese-communism-is-as-jewish-as-its-russian-cousin\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-time published\" datetime=\"2021-05-29T20:29:24+00:00\"><span class=\"day\">May<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"month\">29<\/span><span class=\"year\">2021<\/span><\/time><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/silview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Silviu \u201cSilview\u201d Costinescu<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/silview\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uploads-ssl.webflow.com\/5c14e387dab576fe667689cf\/5cbed8a4cf61ec6d7e012820_BuyMeACoffeeofi_Red-p-500.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"229\" height=\"44\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>UPDATE: OUR MAIN CHANNEL JUST GOT DELETED FROM YOUTUBE FOR EXPOSING THESE HISTORICAL FACTS<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13187\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=150&amp;h=84 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432 768w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" data-attachment-id=\"13187\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/joo-soviets-putin\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1280,720\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"joo-soviets-putin\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/joo-soviets-putin.jpg?w=300\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-bitchute wp-block-embed-bitchute wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">DANG! FOUND THE RARE VIDEO OF THIS HISTORIC QUOTE!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Chinese communism has one main thing in common with the Bolshevik one: both were installed and supervised by Jews for the most part, with some historical intermittences that were promptly fixed.<br \/>\nIn fact, most wars, revolutions, health crisis, climate crisis, lead to bigger debts to the Jewish banking oligarchy centered around The Rothschilds \/ IMF \/ WB.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-bitchute wp-block-embed-bitchute wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Watch our censored videos on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/odysee.com\/@SILVIEW.media:e\/Revolution-is-a--Jewish-Business-_480p:2?r=DbgPVJ3K68HqKQUBNWoJaLLxP21D9NEX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Odysee<\/a>\u00a0and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brighteon.com\/channels\/silviewmedia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a0Brighteon<\/a><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7868\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=150&amp;h=84 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432 768w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" data-attachment-id=\"7868\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/commie-origins4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"commie-origins4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins4.jpg?w=300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/a\/202105\/27\/WS60aecbeca31024ad0bac1a50.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SOURCE<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1851\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.28-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"1053\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.28-AM.png 646w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.28-AM-184x300.png 184w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.28-AM-628x1024.png 628w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1850\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.47-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"444\" height=\"1029\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.47-AM.png 444w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.47-AM-129x300.png 129w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.34.47-AM-442x1024.png 442w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 444px) 100vw, 444px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1849\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.15-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"1048\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.15-AM.png 646w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.15-AM-185x300.png 185w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.15-AM-631x1024.png 631w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1848\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.55-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.55-AM.png 646w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.55-AM-185x300.png 185w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.35.55-AM-630x1024.png 630w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1846\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.15-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"1051\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.15-AM.png 646w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.15-AM-184x300.png 184w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.15-AM-629x1024.png 629w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1845\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.43-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"647\" height=\"1037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.43-AM.png 647w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.43-AM-187x300.png 187w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.37.43-AM-639x1024.png 639w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1844\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.38.05-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"1031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.38.05-AM.png 646w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.38.05-AM-188x300.png 188w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Screen-Shot-2024-11-03-at-6.38.05-AM-642x1024.png 642w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2020\/06\/22\/henry-kissinger-i-used-to-assign-maos-writings-to-my-classes-at-harvard\/?relatedposts_hit=1&amp;relatedposts_origin=7825&amp;relatedposts_position=1&amp;relatedposts_hit=1&amp;relatedposts_origin=7825&amp;relatedposts_position=1&amp;relatedposts_hit=1&amp;relatedposts_origin=7825&amp;relatedposts_position=1\">Henry Kissinger: \u201cI used to assign Mao\u2019s writings to my classes at Harvard\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-bitchute wp-block-embed-bitchute wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/video\/V0dRAE8tPRcf\/\">Sidney Rittenberg at Ted Talks 2012<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1 id=\"story-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Israel Epstein, Prominent Chinese Communist, Dies at 90<\/h1>\n<p><strong>By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150529170637\/http:\/\/topics.nytimes.com\/top\/reference\/timestopics\/people\/m\/douglas_martin\/index.html\">NEW YORK TIMES<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0JUNE 2, 2005<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7851\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=150&amp;h=84 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432 768w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" data-attachment-id=\"7851\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/commie-origins-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"commie-origins-2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins-2.jpg?w=300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2005\/06\/02\/world\/asia\/israel-epstein-prominent-chinese-communist-dies-at-90.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SOURCE<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Israel Epstein, a journalist, author and propagandist for China whose passion for Communism was fueled in long interviews with Mao in the 1940\u2019s and was not dimmed by imprisonment during the Cultural Revolution, died last Thursday at a hospital in Beijing. He was 90.<\/p>\n<p>His death was announced by the official New China News Agency.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Epstein edited China Today, an English-language Chinese newsmagazine, translated the sayings and writings of Mao and Deng Xiaoping and advised the Chinese government on how to polish its overseas image. He became a Chinese citizen, joined the Communist Party and served on official government and party committees.<\/p>\n<p>He and perhaps a dozen other aging foreign-born residents of Beijing were sometimes seen as the last true believers in a revolution that has sometimes seemed blurred by time\u2019s passage and China\u2019s embrace of free markets and consumerism.<\/p>\n<p>In 1996, The Observer, the London newspaper, said, \u201cPerhaps the most loyal Communists in the country today are foreigners, veteran fellow travelers from a vanished era of idealism.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Epstein hung Mao\u2019s portrait on his bedroom wall; knew the American journalist Edgar Snow well enough to help edit his books; was a prot\u00e9g\u00e9 of the widow of Sun Yat-sen, the founder of China\u2019s first republic; and was able to say the five years he spent in prison on false charges during the Cultural Revolution had helped improve him by shrinking his ego. For decades China\u2019s top leaders visited him on his birthdays.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy basic ideas have not changed,\u201d he told The Observer. \u201cI see no reason to change them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Israel Epstein was born on April 20, 1915, in Warsaw, then under Russian control. His father was imprisoned by the czarist authorities for leading a labor uprising, and his mother was once exiled to Siberia.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe earliest influence on me came from my socialist parents,\u201d Mr. Epstein said in an interview with China Daily in 2003.<\/p>\n<p>After the outbreak of World War I, his father was sent by his company to Japan to develop business in the Pacific region. As the German Army approached Warsaw, his mother, with him in her arms, fled the city and traveled east to be reunited with her husband. After experiencing anti-Jewish sentiment in several places, they settled in Tianjin in north China. He was then 2.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Epstein began his career as a journalist at 15, working for the Tianjin-based Peking and Tientsin Times, an English-language newspaper. He covered China\u2019s struggle against Japanese invaders for United Press and other Western news organizations.<\/p>\n<p>In 1941, a short item in The New York Times reported that he had been killed, but it later turned out that he had faked his death to divert the Japanese who were hunting him. He anonymously submerged into a Japanese internment camp for a while.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Epstein became acquainted with Mr. Snow after his editor assigned him to review one of Mr. Snow\u2019s books, and Mr. Snow showed him his classic \u201cRed Star Over China\u201d before it was published. Mr. Snow reciprocated by reading Mr. Epstein\u2019s unpublished works.<\/p>\n<p>In Hong Kong, Mr. Epstein worked with Soong Ching Ling, Sun Yat-sen\u2019s widow, whom he had met in left-wing political activities in the 1930\u2019s. She arranged for him to visit Mao, Zhou Enlai and their revolutionary comrades at their base in China\u2019s northwest in 1944, and Mr. Epstein said his conversations in a cave with Mao had changed his life.<\/p>\n<p>In 1944, Mr. Epstein visited Britain, then spent the next five years in the United States, where he published \u201cThe Unfinished Revolution in China\u201d to good reviews. Other books he wrote were first published in Chinese and included \u201cFrom Opium War to Liberation\u201d in 1954, \u201cTibet Transformed\u201d in 1983 and \u201cWoman in World History: Soong Ching Ling\u201d in 1993.<\/p>\n<p>In 1951, Ms. Soong invited him to return to China to edit China Reconstructs, later renamed China Today. He was editor in chief until his retirement at 70, and then editor emeritus.<\/p>\n<p>His five years in prison during the Cultural Revolution, on charges of plotting against Zhou, ended in 1973 with a personal apology from Zhou and a restoration of his exalted position.<\/p>\n<p>His prominence in China was suggested by the annual talks Mao had with him. Deng attended Mr. Epstein\u2019s retirement reception in 1985. On April 17, the Chinese president, Hu Jintao, visited him and praised his \u201cspecial contributions\u201d to China.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Epstein first wife, Elsie Fairfax-Cholmeley, died in 1984. He is survived by his wife, Wan Bi, two children and two stepchildren.<\/p>\n<p>Correction: June 18, 2005, Saturday An obituary on June 2 about Israel Epstein, a Warsaw-born journalist who became a prominent Chinese Communist, referred incorrectly to his marriage to Elsie Fairfax-Cholmeley. She was his second wife; his first was Edith Bihovsky Epstein, later Ballin, from whom he was divorced in the early 1940\u2019s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2020\/11\/03\/1st-anniversary-special-soros-a-rothschild-frontman-forged-imf-china-alliance-were-living-the-consequences\/\">SOROS A ROTHSCHILD FRONTMAN, FORGED IMF-CHINA ALLIANCE. WE\u2019RE LIVING THE\u00a0CONSEQUENCES<\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7838\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=150&amp;h=84 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432 768w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" data-attachment-id=\"7838\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/commie-origins3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"commie-origins3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/commie-origins3.jpg?w=300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/obituaries\/1491973\/Israel-Epstein.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">source<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1 id=\"sidney-rittenberg-the-jew-behind-communist-china\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/culturewars.com\/news\/sidney-rittenberg-china\">Sidney Rittenberg: The Jew Behind Communist China<\/a><\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/culturewars.com\/news\/sidney-rittenberg-china\"><time datetime=\"2019-11-02\">November 02, 2019<\/time><\/a>\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/culturewars.com\/news?author=5dbd9e1e69d48f23f8c1bada\">CULTURE WARS<\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-bitchute wp-block-embed-bitchute wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">the official narrative<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sidney Rittenberg died on August 24 of this year, ten days after his 98th birthday. He was probably the most famous American collaborator with the Chinese Communist regime of Mao Zedong (We are not counting Chinese government official, Israel Epstein, as American, although he had his book,\u00a0<em>The Unfinished Revolution in China<\/em>, published during the crucial five years in which he lived in the United States). Like Epstein, Rittenberg got long obituaries in\u00a0<em>The New York Times<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>The Washington Post.<\/em>\u00a0They might not have been as glowing as Epstein\u2019s, but they were far from being as negative as they might have been for this long-term leading turncoat and propagandist for the murderous Mao regime.<\/p>\n<p>He will be buried at the Babaoshan Cemetery for Revolutionaries.<\/p>\n<p>Although the\u00a0<em>Times<\/em>\u00a0seemed to treat him with some approval by headlining its obituary, \u201cSidney Rittenberg, Idealistic American Aide to Mao Who Evolved to Counsel Capitalists, Dies at 98,\u201d from the perspective of any right-thinking anti-Communist,\u00a0<em>The Post\u2019<\/em>s article is much the worse of the two. One sentence in\u00a0<em>The Post<\/em>\u2019s obit says it all, \u201cAfter Mao\u2019s seizure of power in 1949 over the corrupt U.S.-backed Nationalist Party, which enjoyed little support among the population, Mr. Rittenberg was rewarded with appointments at Chinese news and propaganda agencies.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>John F. Kennedy would certainly have taken issue with\u00a0<em>The Post<\/em>\u2019s extremely simplistic, pro-Mao, if not to say, pro-Communist view of\u00a0<em>the loss of China<\/em>. Alfred Kohlberg, an American businessman with many years of experience with China, would no doubt have said that\u00a0<em>The Post<\/em>\u00a0is just continuing to perpetuate the pro-Communist propaganda with which the American mainstream press was packed in the 1940s.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"soul-mate-rittenberg\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Soul Mate Rittenberg?<\/h2>\n<p>As surprising as it might seem in light of all the anti-Communist writing that I have done, I can easily identify with Rittenberg, although I make no excuses for his actions. We are both Carolinians and we both received some education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. My time was spent there getting a Ph.D. in economics after service as an Army lieutenant. Rittenberg entered as a freshman and either attended only briefly before dropping out to become a labor organizer or graduated with a degree in philosophy, depending on whether you believe the\u00a0<em>Post<\/em>\u00a0or the\u00a0<em>Times<\/em>\u00a0obituary. The\u00a0<em>Times<\/em>\u00a0assertion seems to be more plausible, because Rittenberg got the sort of U.S. Army assignment, though a private and not a lieutenant, that would more likely go to a college graduate, as a language specialist, becoming fluent in Chinese and being sent by the Army to China at the close of World War II.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1622313256944_117\" class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/285c1-sidney-rittenberg-studying-chinese-_personal-collection-of-sidney-rittenberg_.jpg\" alt=\"sidney-rittenberg-studying-chinese-_personal-collection-of-sidney-rittenberg_.jpg\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>Oh, but Rittenberg was Jewish, you say, and a former member of the American Communist Party. On the latter point, I have certainly never been a Communist Party member, but I can attest to the truth of the old saying that if you\u2019re not a socialist when you\u2019re under thirty you have no heart, and if you are a socialist when you\u2019re over thirty, you have no brain. Chapel Hill was certainly a place to feel right at home as a Leftist when I was there, and it was probably more so when Rittenberg was there at the tail end of the Great Depression. Consider the fact that when I was there the most powerful voices against the Vietnam War, which most of us despised, including virtually every fellow veteran that I encountered, were from the Jewish Left. We looked forward every two weeks to reading I.F. Stone\u2019s newsletter, and Noam Chomsky\u2019s anti-war treatises in the\u00a0<em>New York Review of Books\u00a0<\/em>seemed to be the most persuasive. The first verse of my poem, \u201cA Chomsky Dissenter,\u201d captures my attitude toward the man at the time, and well into the years that I taught economics in college:<\/p>\n<p>In 1970, the very pro-Mao article, \u201cMaoist Economic Development: The New Man in the New China,\u201d by respected mainstream economist, John W. Gurley, was all the rage among us graduate students, even though it was weak in analysis and practically devoid of facts, an ideological screed dressed up in economic jargon which has aged very poorly. About the same time, I also read Jack Belden\u2019s\u00a0<em>China Shakes the World<\/em>, and was very favorably impressed, as I see many more recent readers are, too, even years after the horrors inflicted by Mao\u2019s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution\u2014admittedly well after the period that Belden reported on\u2014have become known. It\u2019s not at all hard for me to put myself in the young Rittenberg\u2019s shoes and being won over by Mao and his fellow revolutionaries. It\u2019s not like Rittenberg deserted from the Army and went over to the enemy like my very misguided fellow rural Eastern North Carolinian, Charles Robert Jenkins, did in Korea in 1965. Rittenberg stayed in China after his Army tour was over, worked for a time in United Nations famine relief, and then joined up with Mao, becoming a propagandist for him.<\/p>\n<p>But, again, there\u2019s the matter of Rittenberg\u2019s Jewishness. Wouldn\u2019t that have set him apart from me? To the contrary, for a number of reasons; when I was of the same age as he was when he went over to the Reds, it would have probably made me identify with him even more closely. In the first place, the stereotype of white Southerners generally as prejudiced against Jews and non-whites is simply not true. There are lots of relatively broad-minded liberals in the South, and my family liked to count themselves among them. If there is any group of fellow whites that the average Southerner is likely to have some prejudice against, it is Roman Catholics, for doctrinal reasons. That\u2019s because most Southerners are Protestants\u2014Southern Baptists more than any other group, as my family was\u2014and many of them descend directly from religious sects in Europe who were on the Protestant side of the Reformation, when people took those religious differences very seriously. Sunday school instruction in Southern Baptist churches is steeped in Old Testament stories. So was the child\u2019s story Bible from which our second-grade public school teacher read to us regularly, and I imagine that she was hardly unusual as a small-town Southern elementary school teacher.<\/p>\n<p>Although the fundamentalist evangelist Oliver B. Greene was ubiquitous on the radio in the South when I was growing up, I can\u2019t say that he had any influence on me or anyone I knew, but his influence in the region had to have been substantial. Many times, I heard him offer as a \u201cgift\u201d to anyone sending him money a copy of the Scofield Bible. I have never seen a Scofield Bible, and I was well into middle age before I was to learn that it is an annotated work with a very strong Zionist slant.<\/p>\n<p>Harry Golden\u2019s 1955 book is entitled,\u00a0<em>Jewish Roots in the Carolinas: A Pattern of American Philo-Semitism.<\/em>\u00a0I have not read it, but from my own education and experience I can say that the average rural to small-town Southerner, at least at the time that I was growing up, was much more likely to have a positive rather than a negative attitude toward Jews. Most are unlikely to have known any Jews; I know I didn\u2019t. When I thought of Jews, I thought mainly of those Old Testament characters. I didn\u2019t even think of the numerous comedians I saw on television like Sid Caesar, Jack Benny, or Phil Silvers as Jews or of my beloved\u00a0<em>Mad<\/em>\u00a0magazine as a Jewish publication or the popular Tin Pan Alley music composers as Jews. If I had, it would have only made me more philo-Semitic. I think the only person that I ever laid eyes on in person whom I knew to be a Jew was that self-same Harry Golden from Charlotte, who wore his Jewishness on his sleeve. He actually came and gave a talk at our church one Sunday evening. I recall that he was an entertaining and likable-seeming fellow, although I don\u2019t recall what he had to say. Only in researching this article did I learn that Golden was actually originally a New Yorker who ended up making his career in Charlotte, settling in the Southeast probably because he had been sent to the Federal Penitentiary down the road in Atlanta for five years for mail fraud when he was living in New York City. He was a popular celebrity, though, by the time that he was invited to speak at our church.<\/p>\n<p>[\u2026]<\/p>\n<p><strong>This is just an excerpt from Culture Wars Magazine, not the full article. To continue reading, purchase the November, 2019 edition of Culture Wars Magazine.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"asia-s-jews\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Asia\u2019s Jews<\/h2>\n<p>by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.wordpress.com\/author\/moisekohen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Moishe Hassem<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solomon_Adler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solomon Adler<\/a>\u00a0(August 6, 1909 \u2014 August 4, 1994)<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Aaron Raphael Belilios\u00a0(1842-11 Jul 1898)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emanuel_Raphael_Belilios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Emanuel Raphael B<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emanuel_Raphael_Belilios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">elilios<\/a>\u00a0(14 November 1837 \u2013 11 November 1905)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/y7h0y\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raphael_Aaron_Belilios\">Raphael Aaron Belilios<\/a>\u00a0(5 December 1873 \u2013 19 June 1929)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W._Michael_Blumenthal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Werner Michael Blumenthal<\/a>\u00a0(born January 3, 1926)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikhail_Borodin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mikhail Markovich Borodin<\/a>\u00a0(real name Mikhail Gruzenberg) (July 9, 1884 \u2013 May 29, 1951)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gwulo.com\/charles-henri-maurice-bosman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Charles Henri Maurice Bos<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gwulo.com\/charles-henri-maurice-bosman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">man<\/a>\u00a0(c.1839-1892)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frank_Coe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frank Coe (Virginius Frank Coe)<\/a>\u00a0(1907\u2013June 2, 1980)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morris_Cohen_(adventurer)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Morris Abraham Cohen<\/a>\u00a0(1887\u20131970)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lauchlin_Currie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lauchlin Currie<\/a>\u00a0(October 8, 1902 \u2013 December 23, 1993)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salem_Shaloam_David\">Salem Shaloam David<\/a>\u00a0(1853\u2212?)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel_Epstein\">Israel Epstein<\/a>\u00a0(20 April 1915 \u2013 26 May 2005)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_Isaac_Ezra\">Edward Isaac Ezra<\/a>\u00a0(3 January 1883 \u2013 15 December 1921)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N.E.B._Ezra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nissim Elias Benjamin Ezra<\/a>\u00a0(1883\u20131936)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stanis%C5%82aw_Flato\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stanis\u0142aw (Moishe) Flato<\/a>\u00a0(27 June 1910 \u2013 1972)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Frey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Richard Frey<\/a>\u00a0(11 February 1920 \u2013 died 16 November 2004)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milton_Friedman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Milton Friedman<\/a>\u00a0(July 31, 1912\u00a0\u2013 November 16, 2006)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amir_Gal-Or\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amir Gal-Or<\/a>\u00a0(born 1962)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Gayn\">Mark Gayn<\/a>\u00a0(21 April 1909\u201317 December 1981)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anatoliy_Gekker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Anatoli Ilyich Gekker<\/a>\u00a0(August 25, 1888 \u2013 July 1, 1937)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Greenberg_(economist)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Michael Greenberg<\/a>\u00a0(28 November 1914 \u2013 19 April 1992)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/gabbai-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gubbay, Gubbai, or Gabbay\u2013Sassoon family<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aaron Gabbai (\u00a0\u2013\u00a01888)<\/li>\n<li>David Gubbay<\/li>\n<li>Elijah Gabbai (\u00a0\u2013\u00a01892)<\/li>\n<li>Ezekiel Ben Joshua Gabbai\u00a0(1824\u00a0\u2013\u00a01896)<\/li>\n<li>Ezekiel Ben \u1e62\u0101l\u012b\u1e25 Gabbai (1812\u00a0\u2013\u00a01887)<\/li>\n<li>Raphael Ben Aaron Gabbai (\u00a0\u2013\u00a01923)<\/li>\n<li>Sasson Ben Ezekiel Mordecai Gabbai<\/li>\n<li>Shalom Gabbai<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leo_Hanin\">Leo Hanin<\/a>\u00a0(born 20 November 1913)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silas_Aaron_Hardoon\">Silas Aaron Hardoon<\/a>\u00a0(1851\u20131931)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noel_Jacobs\">Noel Jacobs<\/a>\u00a0(1898\u20131977)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolph_Joffe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Adolph Abramovich Joffe<\/a>\u00a0(10 October 1883\u00a0\u2013 16 November 1927)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kadoorie_family\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kadoorie, Kaddouri, or Kadouri family<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elly_Kadoorie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eleazer \u201cElly\u201d Silas Kadoorie KBE<\/a>\u00a0(1867 \u2013 2 August 1944)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ellis_Kadoorie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ellis Kadoorie CBE<\/a>\u00a0(1865\u20131922)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horace_Kadoorie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Horace Kadoorie, CBE<\/a>\u00a0(28 September 1902 \u2013 22 April 1995)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lawrence_Kadoorie,_Baron_Kadoorie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lawrence Kadoorie, Baron Kadoorie, CBE<\/a>\u00a0(2 June 1899 \u2013 25 August 1993)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Kadoorie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Michael David Kadoorie, GBS<\/a>\u00a0(born 1941)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shimon_Sholom_Kalish\">Shimon Sholom Kalish<\/a>\u00a0(1882\u20131954)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Kaufman\">Abraham Kaufman<\/a>\u00a0(November 22, 1885 \u2013 March 25, 1971)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Kissinger\">Henry Kiss<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Kissinger\">inger<\/a>\u00a0(May 27, 1923\u00a0\u2013 )<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Komor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Paul Komor<\/a>\u00a0(1886-1973)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ursula_Kuczynski\">Ursula Kuczynski<\/a>\u00a0(15 May 1907,\u00a0\u2013 7 July 2000,\u00a0Berlin, Germany,\u00a0also known as\u00a0Ruth Werner,\u00a0Ursula Beurton\u00a0and\u00a0Ursula Hamburger)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Robert Lawrence K<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">uhn<\/a>\u00a0(born 1944)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eliyahu_Lankin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eliyahu Lankin<\/a>\u00a0(25 September 1914 \u2013 10 August 1994)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yaacov_Liberman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yaacov (Yana) Liberman<\/a>\u00a0(born 1923)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genrikh_Lyushkov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Genrikh Samoi<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genrikh_Lyushkov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lovich Lyushkov\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0(1900 \u2013 disappeared August 1945)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Morgenthau_Jr.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Henry Morgenthau Jr.<\/a>\u00a0(May 11, 1891\u00a0\u2013 February 6, 1967)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/11148-moses-silas-meyer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Silas Meyer Moses<\/a>\u00a0(Bombay Nov. 23, 1845)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/y7h0y\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matthew_Nathan\">Matthew Nathan<\/a>\u00a0(3 January 1862 \u2013 18 April 1939)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karl_Friedrich_Neumann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Karl Friedrich Neumann<\/a>\u00a0(28 December 1793 \u2013 17 March 1870)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/UIsaL\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_I._Pogrebetsky\">Alexander I. Pogrebetsky<\/a>\u00a0(1891-1952)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ludwik_Rajchman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ludwik Witold Rajchman<\/a>\u00a0(1 November 1881 \u2013 13 July 1965)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manya_Reiss\">Manya Reiss<\/a>\u00a0(1900\u20131962)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_and_Simon_Reuben\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Reuben<\/a>\u00a0(born 1941)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_and_Simon_Reuben\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Simon Reuben<\/a>\u00a0(born 1944)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Rittenberg\">Sidney Rittenberg<\/a>\u00a0(born August 14, 1921)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rene_Rivkin\">Rene Rivkin<\/a>\u00a0(6 June 1944 \u2013 1 May 2005)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tadeusz_Romer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tade<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tadeusz_Romer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">usz Romer<\/a>\u00a0(December 6, 1894\u00a0\u2013 March 23, 1978)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jakob_Rosenfeld\">Jakob Rosenfeld<\/a>\u00a0(January 11, 1903 \u2013 April 22, 1952),<\/li>\n<li>Rothschild Family\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Rothschild\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Robert Rothsch<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Rothschild\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ild<\/a>\u00a0(16 December 1911 \u2013 3 December 1998)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jakob_Rudnik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jakob Rudn<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jakob_Rudnik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ik<\/a>\u00a0(24 March 1894\u201313 March 1963)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eva_Sandberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eva Sandb<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eva_Sandberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">erg<\/a>\u00a0(November 8, 1911 \u2013 November 29, 2001)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Sassoon_family\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sassoon, Sassoun,\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Sassoon_family\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sasson,\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Sassoon_family\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">or Sassun family<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor1\">Albert Abdallah David Sassoon, Bart<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor2\">David Sassoon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor3\">David Sassoon Sassoon<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor4\">Edward Albert Sassoon, Bart<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor5\">Elias David Sassoon<\/a>\u00a0(27 March 1820 \u2013 21 March 1880)<\/li>\n<li>Sir Edward Elias Sassoon, 2nd Baronet of Bombay\u00a0(6 January 1853 \u2013 2 December 1924)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Sassoon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ellice Victor Sassoon<\/a>\u00a0(20 December 1881 \u2013 13 August 1961)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/y7h0y\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederick_David_Sassoon\">Frederick David Sassoon<\/a>\u00a0(1 May 1853 \u2013 4 May 1917)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor6\">Jacob Elias Sassoon<\/a>\u00a0(1844 \u2013 22 October 1916)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor7\">Solomon David Sassoon<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacob_Schiff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacob Schiff<\/a>\u00a0(born\u00a0Jakob Heinrich Schiff; January 10, 1847 \u2013 September 25, 1920)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Shapiro\">Sidney Shapiro<\/a>\u00a0(December 23, 1915 \u2013 October 18, 2014)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/y7h0y\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_Shellim\">Edward Shellim<\/a>\u00a0(circa 1869 \u2013 7 December 1928)<\/li>\n<li>Hans Shippe<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nathan_Gregory_Silvermaster\">Nathan Gregory Silvermaster<\/a>\u00a0(November 27, 1898 \u2013 October 7, 1964)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aurel_Stein\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sir Marc Aurel Stein<\/a>,\u00a0KCIE,\u00a0FRAS,\u00a0FBA\u00a0(26 November 1862 \u2013 26 October 1943)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manfred_Stern\">Manfred Stern<\/a>\u00a0(also known as Emilio Kl\u00e9ber, Lazar Stern, Moishe Stern, Mark Zilbert) (1896\u20131954)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_G._Stoessinger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">John George Stoessinger<\/a>\u00a0(born October 14, 1927)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laurence_Tribe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Laurence Henry \u201cLarry\u201d Tribe<\/a>(born October 10, 1941)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Triguboff\">Harry Triguboff<\/a>\u00a0(born 3 March 1933)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Trumpeldor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joseph Vladimirovich (Volfovich) Trumpeldor<\/a>\u00a0(November 21, 1880 \u2013 March 1, 1920)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grigori_Voitinsky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Grigori Naumovich Voitinsky,\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grigori_Voitinsky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">born Zarkhin<\/a>\u00a0(1893-1953)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yochanan_Vollach\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yochanan Vollach<\/a>\u00a0(born May 14, 1945)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ruth_Weiss\">Ruth Weiss<\/a>also known as\u00a0W\u00e8i L\u00f9sh\u012b\u00a0(December 11, 1908 \u2013 March 6, 2006)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Dexter_White\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harry\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Dexter_White\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dexter White<\/a>\u00a0(October 9, 1892\u00a0\u2013 August 16, 1948)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhao_Yingcheng\">Zhao Yingcheng<\/a>\u00a0(Moshe ben Abram;\u00a01619\u20131657?)<\/li>\n<li>Zhao Yingdou,\u00a0brother of\u00a0Zhao Yingcheng,\u00a0both held important government posts in the 1660s.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/y7h0y\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Zeman\">Allan Zeman<\/a>\u00a0(born 1949)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"extended-list-including-asian-people-of-known-jewish-ancestry\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Extended list, including Asian people of known Jewish ancestry<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liz_Cho\">Liz Cho<\/a>\u00a0(born December 19, 1970)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susan_Choi\">Susan Choi<\/a>\u00a0(born 1969)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho_Fook\">Ho Fook<\/a>\u00a0(30 November 1863 \u2013 29 August 1926)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Ho\">George Ho<\/a>\u00a0(3 November 1919 \u2013 4 June 2014)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josie_Ho\">Josephine \u201cJosie\u201d Ho Chiu-yi<\/a>\u00a0(born 26 December 1974<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lawrence_Ho\">Lawrence Ho<\/a>\u00a0(born 1976)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pansy_Ho\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pansy Catalina Ho Chiu-king<\/a>\u00a0(born on 26 August 1962)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sabrina_Ho\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sabrina Ho Chiu Yeng\u00a0<\/a>(born September 24, 1990)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho_Sai-chuen\">Ho Sai-chuen<\/a>\u00a0(circa 1891 \u2013 29 April 1938)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stanley_Ho\">Stanley Ho<\/a>\u00a0(born 25 November 1921)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/o\/hb14W\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Hotung\">Robert Hotung<\/a>\u00a0(22 December 1862 \u2013 26 April 1956)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiang_Wenli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jiang Wenli<\/a>\u00a0(born 1969)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Kogan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Michael Kogan<\/a>\u00a0(January 1, 1920 \u2013 February 5, 1984)<\/li>\n<li>Siegfried Komor\u00a0(1863 \u2013 1935)<\/li>\n<li>Moritz Montague Kuhn<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hans_M%C3%BCller_(physician)\">Hans M\u00fcller<\/a>\u00a0(Vice President of Beijing Medical University)\u00a0(January 13, 1915 \u2013 December 4, 1994)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teodor_Parnicki\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Teodor Parnicki<\/a>\u00a0(1908-1988)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Skidelsky,_Baron_Skidelsky\">Robert Jacob Alexander, Baron Skidelsky<\/a>\u00a0(born 25 April 1939)<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Solomon L. Skidelsky<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Song_Dandan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Song Dandan<\/a>\u00a0(born 25 August 1961)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_Tannebaum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gerald Tannebaum<\/a>\u00a0(likely) (1917 \u2013 9 March 2001)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ignaz_Trebitsch-Lincoln\">Ignaz Trebitsch-Lincoln<\/a>\u00a0(4 April 1879 \u2013 6 October 1943)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Zames\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">George Zames<\/a>\u00a0(January 7, 1934 \u2013 August 10, 1997)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"ambiguous-unknown-or-closely-affiliated\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ambiguous, unknown, or closely affiliated<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rewi_Alley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rewi Alley<\/a>\u00a0(2 December 1897 \u2013 27 December 1987)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hilaire_du_Berrier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hilaire du Berrier<\/a>\u00a0(1905 \u2013 October 12, 2002) (Married to Rosa Kadoorie)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norman_Bethune\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Norman Bethune<\/a>\u00a0(March 4, 1890 \u2013 November 12, 1939)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiune_Sugihara\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Chiune Sugihara<\/a>\u00a0(1 January 1900 \u2013 31 July 1986)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roderick_Mackenzie_Gray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Roderick Mackenzie Gray<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho_Feng-Shan\">Ho Feng-Shan<\/a>\u00a0(September 10, 1901 \u2013 September 28, 1997)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seishir%C5%8D_Itagaki\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Seishir\u014d Itagaki<\/a>\u00a0(21 January 1885 \u2013 23 December 1948)<\/li>\n<li>Bruce Lee (possibly, see\u00a0 the \u201cHotung family\u201d section of this article for details.)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tadeusz_Romer\">Tadeusz Romer<\/a>\u00a0(December 6, 1894 \u2013 March 23, 1978)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edgar_Snow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Edgar Parks Snow\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0(17 July 1905 \u2013 15 February 1972)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Sorge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Richard Sorge<\/a>\u00a0(October 4, 1895 \u2013 November 7, 1944)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lothar_von_Trotha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lothar von Trotha<\/a>\u00a0(3 July 1848 \u2013 31 March 1920)\u00a0\u00a0(According to my extensive research this person was more Jewish than not. For now refer to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Lothar_von_Trotha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia talk page<\/a>\u00a0[before the part where they try to confuse people and make people stop asking hard questions they don\u2019t want people asking.] He will be discussed in more detail in a later article on Africa, along with Robert Rothschild, and many others not listed on this page. For now, please refer to all the other articles on this site for surrounding evidence.)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhao_Benshan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zhao Benshan<\/a>\u00a0(born 2 October 1957)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"see-also\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">See Also:<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>people\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacob_of_Ancona\">Jacob of Ancona<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>groups, and communities\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jews, Chinese (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaifeng_Jews\">\u00a0Kaifeng Jews<\/a>, et al)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_settlement_in_Imperial_Japan\">Jewish settlement in Imperial Japan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_Ghetto\">Shanghai Ghetto community<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nathan_Gregory_Silvermaster#Silvermaster_group\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Silvermaster group<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>things\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel%27s_Messenger\">Israel\u2019s Messenger<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese-Jewish_common_ancestry_theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Japanese-Jewish common ancestry theory<\/a>\u00a0(resurgence of false propaganda, possibly to gain affinity.)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_settlement_in_the_Japanese_Empire\">Jewish settlement in the Japanese Empire<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/archive.is\/tDUka\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kuhn &amp; Komor<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radhanite<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-842\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/10\/radhanites2.png?w=1088\" alt=\"Radhanites2.png\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Map of\u00a0Eurasia\u00a0showing the trade network of the Radhanites (in blue), c. 870, as reported in the account of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibn_Khordadbeh\">ibn Khordadbeh<\/a>\u00a0in the\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Book_of_Roads_and_Kingdoms_(ibn_Khordadbeh)\">Book of Roads and Kingdoms<\/a><\/em>. Other trade routes of the period shown in purple<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>The\u00a0<strong>Radhanites<\/strong>\u00a0(also\u00a0<strong>Radanites<\/strong>,\u00a0Arabic\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0ar-Ra\u00f0aniyya;\u00a0Hebrew\u00a0sing. \u05e8\u05d3\u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u00a0Radhani, pl. \u05e8\u05d3\u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd\u00a0Radhanim) were\u00a0medieval\u00a0Jewish\u00a0merchants. [ . . .]\u00a0Jewish merchants operated in\u00a0trade\u00a0between the\u00a0Christian\u00a0and\u00a0Islamic worlds\u00a0during the\u00a0early Middle Ages(approximately 500\u20131000). Many trade routes previously established under the\u00a0Roman Empire\u00a0continued to function during that period \u2013 largely through their efforts. Their trade network covered much of\u00a0Europe,\u00a0North Africa, the\u00a0Middle East,\u00a0Central Asia\u00a0and parts of\u00a0India\u00a0and\u00a0China.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The activities of the Radhanites are documented by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibn_Khordadbeh\">ibn Khordadbeh<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Postmaster\">postmaster<\/a>, chief of police (and spymaster) for the province of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jibal\">Jibal<\/a>, under the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abbasid_Caliphate\">Abbasid<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caliph\">Caliph<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Mu%27tamid\">al-Mu\u2019tamid<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 when he wrote\u00a0Kitab al-Masalik wal-Mamalik\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Book_of_Roads_and_Kingdoms_(ibn_Khordadbeh)\">Book of Roads and Kingdoms<\/a>), in about 870.\u00a0<strong>Ibn Khordadbeh described the Radhanites as sophisticated and multilingual.<\/strong>\u00a0He outlined four main trade routes utilized by the Radhanites in their journeys; all four began in the\u00a0Rhone\u00a0Valley in southern\u00a0France\u00a0and terminated on the east coast of\u00a0China. Radhanites primarily carried commodities that combined small bulk and high demand, including\u00a0<strong>spices,\u00a0perfumes, jewelry, and\u00a0silk. They are also described as transporting\u00a0oils,\u00a0incense,\u00a0steel\u00a0weapons,\u00a0furs, and\u00a0slaves.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>These merchants speak\u00a0Arabic,\u00a0Persian,\u00a0Roman,\u00a0the\u00a0Frank,\u00a0Spanish, and\u00a0Slav\u00a0languages.<\/strong>\u00a0They journey from West to East, from East to West, partly on land, partly by sea.\u00a0<strong>They transport from the West\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eunuch\">eunuchs<\/a>, female slaves, boys,\u00a0brocade,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beaver\">castor<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marten\">marten<\/a>\u00a0and other furs, and\u00a0swords.<\/strong>\u00a0They take ship from\u00a0Firanja\u00a0(France), on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mediterranean_Sea\">Western Sea<\/a>, and make for\u00a0Farama\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelusium\">Pelusium<\/a>). There they load their goods on\u00a0camel-back and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camel_train\">go by land<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0al-Kolzum\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suez\">Suez<\/a>), a distance of twenty-five\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parasang\">farsakhs<\/a>. They embark in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Sea\">East Sea\u00a0<\/a>and sail from al-Kolzum to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medina\">al-Jar<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeddah\">al-Jeddah<\/a>, then they go to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sindh\">Sind<\/a>,\u00a0India, and\u00a0China.\u00a0<strong>On their return from China they carry back\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Musk\">musk<\/a>,\u00a0aloes,\u00a0camphor,\u00a0cinnamon, and other products of the Eastern countries<\/strong>\u00a0to al-Kolzum and bring them back to Farama, where they again embark on the Western Sea.\u00a0<\/em>[ . . . ]<\/p>\n<p>[ . . . ]<em>\u00a0During the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_Middle_Ages\">Early Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0the\u00a0Islamic\u00a0polities of the\u00a0Middle East\u00a0and\u00a0North Africa\u00a0and the Christian kingdoms of\u00a0Europe\u00a0often banned each other\u2019s merchants from entering their ports.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Privateer\">Corsairs<\/a>\u00a0of both sides raided the shipping of their adversaries at will. The Radhanites functioned as neutral go-betweens, keeping open the lines of communication and trade between the lands of the old\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Empire\">Roman Empire<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Far_East\">Far East<\/a>.\u00a0<strong>As a result of the revenue they brought, Jewish merchants enjoyed significant privileges under the early\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carolingians\">Carolingians<\/a>\u00a0in France and throughout the Muslim world, a fact that sometimes vexed local Church authorities.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>While most trade between Europe and East Asia had historically been conducted via Persian and\u00a0Central Asian\u00a0intermediaries, the Radhanites were among the first to establish a trade network that stretched from Western Europe to Eastern Asia.\u00a0More remarkable still, they engaged in this trade regularly and over an extended period of time, centuries before\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marco_Polo\">Marco Polo<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibn_Battuta\">ibn Battuta<\/a>\u00a0brought their tales of travel in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orient\">Orient<\/a>\u00a0to the Christians and the Muslims, respectively.<\/strong>\u00a0Indeed, ibn Battuta is believed to have traveled with the Muslim traders who traveled to the Orient on routes similar to those used by the Radhanites.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[ . . .]<em>\u00a0Historically, Jewish communities used\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Letters_of_credit\">letters of credit<\/a>\u00a0to transport large quantities of money without the risk of theft from at least classical times.\u00a0<strong>This system was developed and put into force on an unprecedented scale by medieval Jewish merchants such as the Radhanites; if so, they may be counted among the precursors to the\u00a0banks\u00a0that arose during the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Late_Middle_Ages\">late Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_modern_period\">early modern period<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Some scholars believe that the Radhanites may have played a role in the conversion of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khazars\">Khazars<\/a>\u00a0to Judaism.\u00a0In addition, they may have helped establish Jewish communities at various points along their trade routes, and were probably involved in the early Jewish settlement of\u00a0Eastern Europe, Central Asia, China and India.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><em>Much of the Radhanites\u2019\u00a0Indian Ocean\u00a0trade was via coastal cargo ships such as this\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dhow\">dhow<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Besides ibn Khordadbeh, the Radhanites are mentioned by name only by a handful of sources.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibn_al-Faqih\">Ibn al-Faqih<\/a>\u2018s early 10th century\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kitab_al-Buldan_(disambiguation)\">Kitab al-Buldan<\/a>\u00a0(\u201cBook of the Countries\u201d) mentions them, but much of ibn al-Faqih\u2019s information was derived from ibn Khordadbeh\u2019s work.\u00a0Sefer ha-Dinim, a Hebrew account of the travels of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yehuda_ben_Meir\">Yehuda ben Meir<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mainz\">Mainz<\/a>, named\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Przemy%C5%9Bl\">Przemy\u015bl<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiev\">Kiev<\/a>\u00a0as trading sites along the Radhanite route. In the early 12th century, a French-Jewish trader named\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yitzhak_Dorbelo\">Yitzhak Dorbelo<\/a>\u00a0wrote that he traveled with Radhanite merchants to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poland\">Poland<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The fall of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tang_Dynasty\">Tang Dynasty<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China\">China<\/a>\u00a0in 908 and the destruction of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khazars\">Khazar<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khagan\">Khaganate<\/a>\u00a0some sixty years later (circa 968\u2013969 AD) led to widespread chaos in Inner\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eurasia\">Eurasia<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caucasus\">Caucasus<\/a>\u00a0and China. Trade routes became unstable and unsafe, a situation exacerbated by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkic_peoples\">Turkic<\/a>\u00a0invasions of Persia and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_East\">Middle East<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silk_Road\">Silk Road<\/a>\u00a0largely collapsed for centuries. This period saw the rise of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mercantile\">mercantile<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italy\">Italian<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/City-states\">city-states<\/a>, especially\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genoa\">Genoa<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venice\">Venice<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pisa\">Pisa<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amalfi\">Amalfi<\/a>, who viewed the Radhanites as unwanted competitors.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The economy of Europe was profoundly affected by the disappearance of the Radhanites. For example, documentary evidence indicates that many spices in regular use during the early Middle Ages completely disappeared from European tables in the 10th century. Jews had previously, in large parts of Western Europe, enjoyed a virtual monopoly on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spice_trade\">spice trade<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radhanite#endnote_spice\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Some have speculated that a collection of 11th century Jewish scrolls discovered in a cave in Afghanistan\u2019s Samangan province in 2011 may be a \u201cleftover\u201d of the Rhadanites, who had mostly disappeared by the 11th century.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radhanite\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radhanite<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>The\u00a0Tang dynasty\u00a0purchased Western slaves from the Radanite Jews.\u00a0Tang Chinese soldiers and pirates enslaved Koreans, Turks, Persians, Indonesians, and people from Inner Mongolia, central Asia, and northern India.The greatest source of slaves came from southern tribes, including Thais and aboriginals from the southern provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Malays, Khmers, Indians, and black Africans were also purchased as slaves in the Tang dynasty.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_slavery_in_Asia\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_slavery_in_Asia<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"chinese-jews\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chinese Jews<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-743\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/10\/jews_of_kai-fung-foo_china.jpg?w=240&amp;h=300\" alt=\"\" width=\"422\" height=\"526\" data-attachment-id=\"743\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/ismail-9\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ismail-9.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"921,383\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"ismail-9\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ismail-9.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ismail-9.jpg?w=300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jews of Kaifeng, late 19th or early 20th century<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Many Jewish communities were established in China in the Middle Ages. However, not all left evidence of their existence. The following are those known today:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaifeng\">Kaifeng<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hangzhou\">Hangzhou<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ningbo\">Ningbo<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yangzhou\">Yangzhou<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ningxia\">Ningxia<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Encyclopedia of Diasporas. Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Vol. I, Jewish Diaspora in China by Xu Xin, pp.153-154, Ember, Melvin; Ember, Carol R.; Skoggard, Ian (Eds.), Springer 2004<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>During the\u00a0Ming Dynasty\u00a0(1368\u20131644), a Ming emperor conferred seven surnames upon the Jews, by which they are identifiable today:\u00a0Ai\u00a0(\u827e),\u00a0Shi\u00a0(\u77f3),\u00a0Gao\u00a0(\u9ad8),\u00a0Jin\u00a0(\u91d1),\u00a0Li\u00a0(\u674e),\u00a0Zhang\u00a0(\u5f35), and\u00a0Zhao\u00a0(\u8d99); sinofications of the original seven Jewish clan\u2019s family names: Ezra, Shimon, Cohen, Gilbert, Levy, Joshua, and Jonathan, respectively.[18][19]\u00a0Interestingly, two of these: Jin and Shi are the equivalent of common Jewish names in the west: Gold and Stone.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kehilalinks.jewishgen.org\/shanghai\/Chinas_Jews.htm\">History of the Jews in China<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-bitchute wp-block-embed-bitchute wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/video\/C0isO86q0fyv\/\">How Jews subverted China (1600\u2019s \u2013 1900\u2019s)<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"hotung-family\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00a0Hotung family<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-747\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/10\/hotung_boys.jpg?w=391&amp;h=274\" alt=\"\" width=\"565\" height=\"394\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Robert Hotung (seated, middle, his brother Ho Fook (left, standing) and his maternal half-brother Ho Kum-tong (seated, right)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Bruce\u2019s father,\u00a0Lee Hoi-chuen, (\u674e\u6d77\u6cc9) was\u00a0Han Chinese, and his mother, Grace Ho (\u4f55\u611b\u745c), was of\u00a0Eurasian\u00a0ancestry.\u00a0Grace Ho was the adopted daughter of Ho Kom-tong (Ho Gumtong, \u4f55\u7518\u68e0) and the half-niece of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Ho\">Sir Robert Ho-tung<\/a>, both notable Hong Kong\u00a0businessmen\u00a0and\u00a0philanthropists.Bruce was the fourth child of five children: Phoebe Lee (\u674e\u79cb\u6e90), Agnes Lee (\u674e\u79cb\u9cf3), Peter Lee (\u674e\u5fe0\u741b), and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lee_(musician)\">Robert Lee<\/a>\u00a0(\u674e\u632f\u8f1d).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Grace\u2019s parentage remains unclear. Linda Lee in her 1989 biography\u00a0The Bruce Lee Story\u00a0suggests that Grace had a\u00a0German\u00a0father and was a\u00a0Catholic.\u00a0Bruce Thomas in his influential 1994 biography\u00a0Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit\u00a0suggests that Grace had a Chinese mother and a German father.\u00a0Lee\u2019s relative Eric Peter Ho in his 2010 book\u00a0Tracing My Children\u2019s Lineage\u00a0suggests that Grace was born in\u00a0Shanghai\u00a0to a\u00a0Eurasian\u00a0woman named Cheung King-sin.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruce_Lee#Early_life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bruce Lee<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Ho_Kom-tong&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Ho Kom-tong<\/a>\u00a0(1866\u20131950) was a younger maternal half-brother of Robert Hotung\u2019s. The son of a Chinese father, he was a prominent businessman and philanthropist who succeeded Ho Fook as Head Compradore at Jardines. He had 12 wives and reportedly more than 30 children, one of whom was Grace Ho Oi-yu (\u4f55\u7231\u745c) (b. 1907 d.1996), a Eurasian and an adopted daughter, who went on to become the mother of the famous martial artist and actor\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruce_Lee\">Bruce Lee<\/a>. Ho Kom-Tong\u2019s last mistress was a Eurasian woman by the name of Cheung King-sin (\u5f35\u74ca\u4ed9)\u00a0(b. 1866 d. 1960).\u00a0Kom Tong Hall, the former Hong Kong residence of Ho Kom-tong, now houses the\u00a0Dr. Sun Yat-sen Museum.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Hotung\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Hotung<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"solomon-adler\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Solomon Adler<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em><strong>Solomon Adler<\/strong>\u00a0(August 6, 1909 \u2014 August 4, 1994) was an economist in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury\">U.S. Treasury Department<\/a>\u00a0who\u00a0<strong>served as Treasury representative in China during World War II.<\/strong>\u00a0He was identified by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whittaker_Chambers\">Whittaker Chambers<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_Bentley\">Elizabeth Bentley<\/a>\u00a0as a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soviet_Union\">Soviet<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spy\">intelligence source<\/a>\u00a0and resigned from the Treasury Department in 1950. After several years teaching at Cambridge University in England,\u00a0<strong>he returned to China, where he resided from the 1960s until his death, working as a translator and economic advisor. Beginning in the early 1960s, Adler was also affiliated with the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Liaison_Department_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China\">International Liaison Department<\/a>, an important Chinese Communist Party organ whose functions include foreign intelligence.<\/strong>\u00a0[. . .] He came to the United States in 1935 to do \u201cresearch\u201d. In 1936 he was hired at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Works_Progress_Administration\">Works Progress Administration<\/a>\u2018s National Research Project, but soon moved to the Treasury Department\u2019s Division of Monetary Research and Statistics, where he worked with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Dexter_White\">Harry Dexter White<\/a>\u00a0for the next several years.[. . .]<strong>\u00a0His reports from China to Treasury secretary\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Morgenthau,_Jr.\">Henry Morgenthau, Jr.<\/a>\u00a0during the war years were widely circulated and played an important role in shaping American wartime economic policy toward China.<\/strong>\u00a0[. . .]\u00a0Adler\u00a0<strong>moved to China in the early 1960s,<\/strong>\u00a0working in the lead group of the team\u00a0<strong>translating\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\">Mao Zedong<\/a>\u2018s works into English.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In 1939,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whittaker_Chambers\">Whittaker Chambers<\/a>\u00a0identified Adler to then-Assistant Secretary of State\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adolf_Berle\">Adolf Berle<\/a>\u00a0as a member of an underground Communist group in Washington, D.C., the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harold_Ware\">Ware group<\/a>. Chambers correctly identified Adler as serving in the General Counsel\u2019s Office at the Treasury Department, from which, Chambers said, Adler supplied weekly reports to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CPUSA\">American Communist party<\/a>.\u00a0In 1945,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_Bentley\">Elizabeth Bentley<\/a>\u00a0identified Adler as a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nathan_Gregory_Silvermaster\">Silvermaster group<\/a>.\u00a0A 1948 memo written by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anatoly_Gorsky\">Anatoly Gorsky<\/a>, a former\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NKVD\">NKVD<\/a>\u00a0rezident\u00a0in Washington D.C., identified Adler as a Soviet agent designated \u201cSax.\u201d\u00a0This agent, transliterated \u201cSachs (Saks)\u201d appears in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venona\">Venona<\/a>\u00a0decrypts supplying information about the Chinese Communists through both\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anatoly_Gorsky\">Gorsky<\/a>\u00a0and American Communist Party head\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earl_Browder\">Earl Browder<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In addition to his contacts with U.S. espionage groups, while serving as Treasury attache in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China\">China<\/a>\u00a0in 1944, Adler shared a house with Chinese Communist secret agent\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ji_Chaoding\">Chi Ch\u2019ao-ting<\/a>\u00a0and State Department officer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Stewart_Service\">John Stewart Service<\/a>, who was arrested the following year in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amerasia\">Amerasia<\/a>\u00a0case.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Together with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Dexter_White\">Harry Dexter White<\/a>, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V._Frank_Coe\">V. Frank Coe<\/a>, Director of the Treasury\u2019s Division of Monetary Research, Adler strongly opposed a gold loan program of $200 million to help the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuomintang\">Nationalist Chinese Government<\/a>\u00a0control the inflation that took hold in unoccupied China during World War II.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inflation\">Inflation<\/a>\u00a0in China between 1943 and 1945 was more than 1,000% per year, weakening the Nationalist government in China. This inflation helped the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist\">Communists<\/a>\u00a0eventually come to power in China,<\/strong>\u00a0and in later years White, Coe, and Adler were accused of having deliberately fostered the Chinese inflation by obstructing the stabilization loan.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A Chinese work published in 1983 stated that from 1963 on\u00a0<strong>Adler worked for China\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Liaison_Department_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China\">International Liaison Department<\/a>, an organ of the Chinese Communist Party whose functions include foreign intelligence.<\/strong>\u00a0According to historian R. Bruce Craig, Adler\u2019s apartment in Beijing was provided by the Liaison Department, indicating that the Department was Adler\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Work_unit\">work unit<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solomon_Adler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solomon Adler \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"israel-epstein\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Israel Epstein<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-914\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/israel_epstein-mao-1944.jpg?w=1088\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"321\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Israel Epstein, second from right in front, standing in front of Mao. He later became the minister of appropriations, an extremely powerful position in a practically cashless era. To the right of him is another Jew, also under cover as a journalist<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-915\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/huep.jpg?w=1088\" alt=\"\" width=\"534\" height=\"327\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">This is\u00a0Israel Epstein\u00a0chatting with Chairman Hu, just before his death.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Israel Epstein\u00a0(20 April 1915 \u2013 26 May 2005) was a \u2018naturalized\u2019\u00a0Chinese journalist and author.\u00a0<strong>He was one of the few foreign-born Chinese citizens of non-Chinese origin to become a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_China\">Communist Party of China<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Israel Epstein was born on 20 April 1915 in\u00a0Warsaw\u00a0to Jewish parents;\u00a0at the time,\u00a0Warsaw\u00a0was under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_Russia\">Imperial Russian<\/a>\u00a0control (now the capital of\u00a0Poland). His father had been imprisoned by the authorities of\u00a0czarist Russia\u00a0for leading a\u00a0labor\u00a0uprising\u00a0and his mother had been\u00a0exiled\u00a0to\u00a0Siberia. Epstein\u2019s father was sent by his company to\u00a0Japan\u00a0after the outbreak of the\u00a0World War I; when the\u00a0German Army\u00a0approached Warsaw, his mother and Epstein fled and joined him in Asia. With his family experiencing \u2018anti-Jewish\u2019 sentiment in several places, in 1917, Epstein came to China with his parents at the age of two and they settled in\u00a0Tianjin\u00a0(formerly\u00a0Tientsin) in 1920.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Israel Epstein began to work in journalism at age 15, when he wrote for the\u00a0Peking and Tientsin Times, an English-language newspaper based in Tianjin. He also covered the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Sino-Japanese_War\">Japanese Invasion of China<\/a>\u00a0for the\u00a0United Press\u00a0and other Western\u00a0news agencies. In the autumn of 1938, he joined the China Defense League, which had been established by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soong_Ching-ling\">Soong Ching-ling<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sun_Yat-sen\">Sun Yat-sen<\/a>\u2018s widow, for the purpose of publicizing and enlisting international support for the Chinese cause. In 1941, he faked news about his own death as a decoy for the\u00a0Japanese\u00a0who were trying to arrest him. The misinformation even found its way into a short item printed in the\u00a0New York Times.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>After being assigned to review one of the books of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edgar_Snow\">Edgar Snow<\/a>, Epstein and Snow came to know each other personally and Snow showed him his classic work\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Star_Over_China\">Red Star Over China<\/a>\u00a0before it was published.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>In 1934, Epstein married Edith Bihovsky Epstein, later Ballin, from whom he was divorced in the early 1940s. In 1944, Epstein first visited Britain and afterwards went to live in the United States with his second wife\u00a0Elsie Fairfax-Cholmeley\u00a0for five years.\u00a0<\/em><em>(<\/em><strong>Elsie Fairfax-Cholmeley may possibly be related to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sybil_Cholmondeley,_Marchioness_of_Cholmondeley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sybil Cholmondeley<\/a>, the Rothschild, and \/ or Sassoon families.<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p><em>He worked for Allied Labor News and published his book\u00a0The Unfinished Revolution in China\u00a0in 1947.\u00a0<strong>His book was enthusiastically reviewed in\u00a0The New York Times\u00a0by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Owen_Lattimore\">Owen Lattimore<\/a><\/strong>of Johns Hopkins University. In 1951 Communist defector\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elizabeth_Bentley\">Elizabeth Bentley<\/a>\u00a0testified to the U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee,\u00a0<strong>\u201cIsrael Epstein had been a member of the Russian secret police for many years in China.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Many years later, his wife, Ms. Cholmeley, would become known to a generation of Chinese-language students in China and around the world as a contributor to one of the most widely used Chinese-English dictionaries published in the PRC. After Ms. Cholmeley\u2019s death in 1984, Epstein married his third wife, Wan Bi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In 1951,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soong_Ching-ling\">Soong Ching-ling<\/a>\u00a0invited him to return to China to edit the magazine\u00a0China Reconstructs, which was later renamed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Today\">China Today<\/a>.<\/strong><strong>He remained editor-in-chief of\u00a0China Today\u00a0until his retirement at age 70, and then editor\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emeritus\">emeritus<\/a>. During his tenure at\u00a0China Today, he became a Chinese citizen in 1957 and a member of the Communist Party of China in 1964. In 1955, 1965 and 1976 Epstein visited\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibet\">Tibet<\/a>, and based on these three visits in 1983 published the book\u00a0Tibet Transformed.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>During the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultural_Revolution\">Cultural Revolution<\/a>, on charges of plotting against\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhou_Enlai\">Zhou Enlai<\/a>, he was imprisoned in 1968 in the north of Beijing in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qincheng_Prison\">Qincheng Prison<\/a>, where he was subjected to solitary confinement. In 1973,\u00a0<strong>he was released, and Zhou apologized. His privileges were restored.<\/strong><strong>Despite his 5 years imprisonment, he remained loyal to the ideals of Communism until his death. Israel Epstein was elected as a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference\">Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People\u2019s Political Consultative Conference<\/a>, an advisory body, in 1983.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel_Epstein\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israel_Epstein<\/a><\/p>\n<p>(According so some sources, Israel Epstein, became the<strong>\u00a0Minister of Appropriations in China,\u00a0<\/strong>an very powerful position.)<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"robert-lawrence-kuhn\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Robert Lawrence Kuhn<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-916\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/robert_lawrence_kuhn_01.jpg?w=222&amp;h=300\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jewish investment banker \u201cconsultant\u201d to the CCP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-918\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/robert_lawrence_kuhn_02.png?w=1088\" alt=\"robert_lawrence_kuhn_02\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Robert Lawrence Kuhn\u00a0seen talking about who the new Chinese president will be<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><strong>Robert Lawrence Kuhn<\/strong>\u00a0(born 1944) is a \u201cpublic intellectual\u201d, international corporate\u00a0strategist\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>investment banker<\/strong>. He has a\u00a0<strong>doctorate in\u00a0brain research<\/strong>\u00a0and is the author and editor of over 25 books.\u00a0<strong>He is a long-time adviser to China\u2019s leaders and the Chinese government, to\u00a0multinational corporations\u00a0on China strategies and transactions, and is a frequent commentator on China politics, economics, business, finance, philosophy and science. He is a columnist for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Daily\">China Daily<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_China_Morning_Post\">South China Morning Post<\/a>\u00a0and appears on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\">BBC<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN\">CNN<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Central_Television\">China Central Television<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomberg_L.P.\">Bloomberg<\/a>\u00a0and other major media. Kuhn is the creator and host of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CCTV_News\">CCTV News<\/a>\u00a0show\u00a0Closer to China with R.L.Kuhn.\u00a0Kuhn is the creator, writer and host of the public television series\u00a0Closer to Truth, which presents scientists and philosophers discussing fundamental issues (cosmos,\u00a0consciousness, philosophy\/religion).\u00a0His essays are featured on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LiveScience.com\">LiveScience.com<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space.com\">Space.com<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"career\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CAREER<\/h4>\n<p>[ . . . ]\u00a0<strong><em>During the 1980s, Kuhn represented American and\u00a0Japanese companies\u00a0in\u00a0mergers and acquisitions.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"china\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CHINA<\/h4>\n<p><em><strong>Kuhn provided the live commentary on CNN during President Xi Jinping\u2019s policy address in\u00a0Seattle\u00a0on September 2, 2015 during Xi\u2019s state visit to the US.\u00a0Kuhn spoke at the launch ceremony of Xi\u2019s book, entitled\u00a0Xi Jinping: The Governance of China\u00a0at the Frankfurt Book Fair on October 8, 2014.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kuhn writes on Xi\u2019s\u00a0Four Comprehensives\u00a0political theory of governance,\u00a0and on understanding the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_China\">Communist Party of China<\/a>\u00a0(CPC).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>For the 18th CPC National Congress in Nov. 2012, Kuhn provided commentary for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\">BBC<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN\">CNN<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">New York Times<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Washington_Post\">Washington Post<\/a>, Bloomberg,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNBC\">CNBC<\/a>, AP,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters\">Reuters<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euronews\">Euronews<\/a>, etc. He was the featured foreign commentator daily on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Central_Television\">China Central Television<\/a>\u00a0(CCTV News).\u00a0His essays introduced China\u2019s new leaders and China\u2019s new government\u00a0and offered personal insights into China\u2019s new leaders, the seven members of the new Standing Committee of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China\">Politburo\u00a0<\/a>and \u201cNew challenges for new leaders\u201d.\u00a0It also presents the multiple problems that China\u2019s new government must address. Since 1989, when he was invited to China by the State Science and Technology Commission (under Song Jian), Kuhn has worked with China\u2019s senior leaders and advised the Chinese government on international, policy and business matters.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Kuhn is the author of\u00a0How China\u2019s Leaders Think: The Inside Story of China\u2019s Past, Current and Future Leaders, featuring exclusive discussions with more than 100\u00a0Chinese leaders and officials and introducing China\u2019s next generation of senior leaders.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>He wrote\u00a0The Man Who Changed China: The Life and Legacy of Jiang Zemin<\/strong>.\u00a0It was the first\u00a0biography\u00a0of a living Chinese leader and was a best-seller in China in 2005.\u00a0Kuhn is co-editor-in-chief of\u00a0China\u2019s Banking &amp; Financial Markets: The Internal Research Report of the Chinese Government.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Kuhn advises and works with China leaders on special projects. When then-Vice President Xi visited the US in February, 2012, Kuhn advised and gave commentaries and interviews. He advised Zhejiang Province for Zhejiang Party Secretary Xi\u2019s 2006 U.S. visit as well.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>He is the host and co-producer of \u201cCloser To China with R.L.Kuhn\u201d, a weekly series on CCTV News that tells the story of China through discussions with China\u2019s thought leaders and decision makers in all sectors.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Kuhn is creator, writer and host of the five-part public television TV series\u00a0China\u2019s Challenges, co-produced with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_Media_Group\">Shanghai Media Group<\/a>, which won first prize in China News Award\u00a0and is presented by PBS SoCaL (2013). The series focuses on critical issues confronting China\u2019s leaders and government (social problems like healthcare, economic transformation and pollution, political reform and transparency, science and innovation, beliefs and values). China\u2019s Challenges II, focusing on the Chinese Dream, was broadcast on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PBS\">PBS<\/a>\u00a0stations in 2015 and won an Emmy (Los Angeles, 2016).<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"business-and-finance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">BUSINESS AND FINANCE<\/h4>\n<p><strong><em>Kuhn advises multinational companies and executives on China strategies in a variety of sectors, including science and technology, information technology, energy and resources, industrial, media and entertainment, healthcare \/ medical \/ pharmaceuticals, consumer products, financial services. He works with major Chinese companies on capital markets and mergers and acquisitions. Kuhn is Senior Adviser to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ernst_%26_Young\">Ernst &amp; Young<\/a>\u00a0(Office of the chairman).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>He was president and co-owner of The Geneva Companies, the largest mergers and acquisitions firm in the U.S., representing middle-market companies (sold to Citigroup in 2000).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"media-and-publications\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">MEDIA AND PUBLICATIONS<\/h4>\n<p><em>Kuhn is the author or editor of 25 books on business strategy\/finance and science\/philosophy, including Dow-Jones Irwin\u2019s seven-volume\u00a0Library of Investment Banking. He is a frequent commentator on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\">BBC<\/a>\u00a0(BBC World News \/ BBC World Service),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN\">CNN<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomberg_L.P.\">Bloomberg<\/a>, others. Kuhn is a senior international commentator for political, economic, social and business matters on CCTV News.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn#cite_note-cntv.cn1-13\">[13]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn#cite_note-cntv.cn-15\">[15]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0He has written for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomberg_BusinessWeek\">Bloomberg BusinessWeek<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbes\">Forbes<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chief_Executive_(magazine)\">Chief Executive<\/a>. Kuhn is a regular columnist for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Daily\">China Daily<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_China_Morning_Post\">South China Morning Post<\/a>\u00a0on China politics\/economics and international affairs.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>He was profiled in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barron%27s_(newspaper)\">Barron\u2019s<\/a>.\u00a0He is one of the\u00a0China Visionaries\u00a0in the TV\u00a0series produced for China\u2019s 60th\u00a0anniversary by Shanghai Media Group (one of two Americans, along with\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Kissinger\">Henry Kissinger<\/a><\/strong>) and he was featured on CCTV Channel\u00a01\u2019s\u00a0Focus Talk. Kuhn created, wrote and presented a six-episode series on Expo\u00a02010 Shanghai,\u00a0broadcast on CCTV. For the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Kuhn co-produced (with Shanghai Media Group), wrote and presented a five-episode TV series,\u00a0China\u2019s Challenges, on China\u2019s key domestic issues and problems that China\u2019s new leaders face.\u00a0Kuhn was selected by Oriental Outlook magazine (published by Xinhua News Agency) as one of the all-time top-ten influential supporters of China\u2019s ruling party\/CPC (the only one living).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Kuhn has written many articles. \u201cScience as Democratizer\u201d, featured in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Scientist\">American Scientist<\/a>\u00a0magazine, argued how the scientific way of thinking can influence global society. His scientific \/ philosophical article \u201cWhy This Universe? Toward a Taxonomy of Possible Explanations\u201d is published in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skeptic_Magazine\">Skeptic Magazine<\/a>\u00a0and \u201cLevels of Nothing\u201d in the Vol. 18.2 2013 issue.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Kuhn\u2019s multimedia essays are on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space.com\">Space.com<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LiveScience.com\">LiveScience.com<\/a>: \u201cForget Space-Time: Information May Create the Cosmos\u201d, \u201cThe Illusion of Time: What\u2019s Real?\u201d, \u201cIs Our Universe a Fake?\u201d, \u201cThe Singularity, Virtual Immortality and the Trouble with Consciousness\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Kuhn\u2019s latest book, edited with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_A._Leslie\">John Leslie<\/a>, is\u00a0The Mystery of Existence: Why is there Anything At All?<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"other-affiliations\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">OTHER AFFILIATIONS<\/h4>\n<p><em>The Kuhn Foundation<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Kuhn is chairman of the Kuhn Foundation, which disseminates understanding in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philosophy_of_science\">science and philosophy<\/a>, supports cultural endeavors and promotes good relations between America and China. The Foundation produces the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Closer_to_Truth\">Closer to Truth<\/a>TV\u00a0series. It also produced the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Documentary\">documentary<\/a>\u00a0of his wife\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dora_Serviarian_Kuhn\">Dora Serviarian-Kuhn<\/a>,\u00a0Khachaturian, which won the Best Documentary award at the 2003\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hollywood_Film_Festival\">Hollywood Film Festival<\/a>\u00a0and (with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Central_Television\">China Central Television<\/a>)\u00a0In Search of China\u00a0for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PBS\">PBS<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The Geneva Companies<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>From 1991 to 2001, Kuhn was president and co-owner of the Geneva Companies, a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mergers_and_acquisitions\">mergers and acquisitions<\/a>\u00a0(M&amp;A) firm representing privately owned,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle-market_companies\">middle-market companies<\/a>. In 2000 Kuhn sold the Geneva Companies to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Citigroup\">Citigroup<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"criticism\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CRITICISM<\/h4>\n<p><em>Several reviewers argue that Kuhn has obtained privileged access to China\u2019s leaders by refraining from critical comments, producing propaganda instead of serious works of non-fiction. A review in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_Affairs\">Foreign Affairs<\/a>\u00a0said it was actually better understood as an autobiography, presenting an image that China\u2019s leaders want the world to see. Additionally, it said the writing of the book was, beginning in 2001, overseen by a secret state propaganda team.The Asian Review of Books said that the first part of Kuhn\u2019s biography of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiang_Zemin\">Jiang<\/a>\u00a0was \u201cclose to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hagiography\">hagiography<\/a>\u201c.\u00a0A review on the website of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbes\">Forbes<\/a>\u00a0said his later book,\u00a0How China\u2019s Leaders Think: The Inside Story of China\u2019s Past, Current and Future Leaders, was equally reluctant to criticize\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hu_Jintao\">Hu Jintao<\/a>, the leader who followed Jiang. The reviewer writes: \u201cKuhn merely repeats what the Communist Party says about itself and accepts its words at face value, taking obsequiousness to new heights.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Lawrence_Kuhn<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-920\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/israel_epstein_bidi_021.jpg?w=1088\" alt=\"israel_epstein_bidi_02\" width=\"607\" height=\"410\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Sidney Shapiro<\/strong>, politburo member<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/Rittenberg-and-Mao.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"529\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mao Zedong with Sydney Rittenberg<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"sidney-rittenberg\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sidney Rittenberg<\/h2>\n<p><em>Sidney Rittenberg\u00a0(born August 14, 1921) [ . . . ] lived in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China\">China<\/a>\u00a0from 1944 to 1980.\u00a0<strong>He worked closely with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\">Mao Zedong<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhu_De\">Zhu De<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhou_Enlai\">Zhou Enlai<\/a>, and other leaders of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Communist_Party\">Chinese Communist Party<\/a>\u00a0(CCP) during the war, and was with these central Communist leaders at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yan%27an\">Yan\u2019an<\/a>.<\/strong>\u00a0He witnessed first-hand much of what occurred at upper levels of the CCP\u00a0<strong>and knew many of its leaders personally<\/strong>. Later, he was imprisoned in\u00a0solitary confinement, twice, for a total of 16 years.\u00a0<strong>He was the first\u00a0American\u00a0citizen to join the CCP<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Rittenberg\u2019s connections and experience have enabled him to run a successful consultancy business representing some of the world\u2019s biggest brands, such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intel_Corporation\">Intel<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.\">Levi Strauss<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Microsoft\">Microsoft<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hughes_Aircraft\">Hughes Aircraft<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teledesic\">Teledesic<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Rittenberg was born into a\u00a0Jewish\u00a0family in\u00a0Charleston,\u00a0South Carolina, and lived there until his college studies.\u00a0<strong>After attending\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Porter-Gaud_School\">Porter Military Academy<\/a><\/strong>, he turned down a full scholarship to\u00a0Princeton University\u00a0and instead attended the\u00a0University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he majored in\u00a0philosophy. While attending\u00a0Chapel Hill, he became a member of the\u00a0Dialectic Society\u00a0and the\u00a0<strong>US Communist Party<\/strong>. In 1942, following the entry of the US into\u00a0World War II\u2014and after his leaving the Communist Party\u2014Rittenberg joined the\u00a0Army\u00a0and was sent to\u00a0Stanford\u2019s Army Far Eastern Language and Area School to learn\u00a0Japanese. Rittenberg did not wish to be assigned to study Japanese, and was able to be assigned to learn\u00a0Chinese\u00a0instead. This led to his being sent to China in 1944. Rittenberg said that one of the turning points in his life came shortly after he arrived in China. He was sent to bring a $26 check to the family of a girl who was killed by a drunken US soldier. Despite the family\u2019s devastation, they gave Rittenberg $6 for his help. It was at that point that \u201csomething inside Sidney Rittenberg shifted.\u201d\u00a0After the end of the war, he decided to stay in China as part of the\u00a0United Nations\u00a0famine relief program. This led to his meeting the leaders of the Communist movement at\u00a0Yan\u2019an\u00a0in 1946.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"interpreting-for-mao\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">INTERPRETING FOR MAO<\/h4>\n<p><em>Twice, Rittenberg interpreted a message for the United States from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\">Mao Zedong<\/a>. The message was the same both times. Mao said that after the war was over in China, and after Mao became the leader of the country, he wanted to still have a good relationship with the United States. This was for two reasons: first, because the United States was the only country that could supply him with the money he needed to rebuild the country; second, because Mao did not wish to depend on the Soviets. Both times this message was delivered it was rejected by President Truman. Rittenberg believes that had Truman decided to talk to Mao, both the\u00a0Korean War\u00a0and the\u00a0Vietnam War\u00a0could possibly have been averted.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The Communist Party leadership sought Rittenberg\u2019s assistance in translating their messages into English, including the writings of Mao. Rittenberg also worked for the\u00a0Xinhua News Agency\u00a0and\u00a0Radio Peking.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"cultural-revolution\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cCULTURAL REVOLUTION\u201d<\/h4>\n<p><em>During the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultural_Revolution\">Cultural Revolution<\/a>, Rittenberg was radicalized\u00a0and in the summer of 1967 headed the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norman_Bethune\">Norman Bethune<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Yan\u2019an rebel group\u201d,\u00a0which had about seventy members. He led political struggles at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Radio_International\">China Radio International<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Han_Suyin\">Han Suyin<\/a>\u00a0at that time said that Rittenberg was in complete control of the radio station. On April 8, 1967, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Daily\">People\u2019s Daily<\/a>\u00a0published a long article written by him.\u00a0On April 10, he represented a faction of foreigners in struggle session against\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wang_Guangmei\">Wang Guangmei<\/a>\u00a0at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tsinghua_University\">Tsinghua University<\/a>. He also attacked other foreigners who were living in Beijing at that time, including Ma Haide (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Hatem\">George Hatem<\/a>). Ma Haide had advised Rittenberg not to interfere in Chinese political affairs.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Rittenberg\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Rittenberg<\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-921\" src=\"https:\/\/moishekohen.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/12\/rittenberg-wpp-group-martinsorrell.jpg?w=1088\" alt=\"Rittenberg-WPP-Group-MartinSorrell\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sidney Rittenberg\u00a0WPP group\u00a0and Martin Sorrell<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Robert Rothschild<\/h1>\n<p><em>Baron\u00a0<strong>Robert Rothschild<\/strong>\u00a0(16 December 1911, in\u00a0Brussels\u00a0\u2013 3 December 1998,\u00a0in\u00a0London) was a\u00a0Belgian diplomat.<strong>\u00a0He helped to draft the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Rome\">Treaty of Rome<\/a>\u00a0of 1957, the foundation of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Economic_Community\">European Economic Community<\/a><\/strong><\/em><strong><em>\u00a0(EEC) in 1958.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>His father, a\u00a0businessman\u00a0of\u00a0German-Jewish\u00a0descent, descended from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moses_Amschel_Bauer\">Moses Amschel Bauer<\/a>, of\u00a0Frankfurt am Main, whose son\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayer_Amschel_Rothschild\">Mayer Amschel Rothschild<\/a>, together with his five sons, founded the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rothschild_family\">Rothschild banking dynasty<\/a>. Robert decided to become a diplomat. Luckily his father was a friend of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Spaak\">Paul Spaak<\/a>, whose son\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul-Henri_Spaak\">Paul-Henri Spaak<\/a>\u00a0became foreign minister of Belgium in 1936. Robert passed the\u00a0diplomatic service\u00a0examination in 1936 and joined the private office of Paul-Henri Spaak in April 1937.\u00a0[ . . . ]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Robert remained in Lisbon until 1944, when\u00a0<strong>he was sent, at his request to\u00a0China.<\/strong><strong>He became first secretary at the Belgian\u00a0embassy\u00a0in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chungking\">Chungking<\/a>, the headquarters of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiang_Kai-shek\">Chiang Kai-shek<\/a>\u2018s government.<\/strong>\u00a0During the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Sino-Japanese_War\">Japanese occupation<\/a>, there was a lull in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_civil_war\">Chinese civil war<\/a>. The\u00a0Communists\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mao_Zedong\">Mao Zedong<\/a>\u00a0even had an envoy in Chungking in the person of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhou_Enlai\">Zhou Enlai<\/a>, whom he grew to like. After the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surrender_of_Japan\">Japanese surrender<\/a>, he flew to\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai\">Shanghai<\/a>, where, in 1946, he was appointed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Consul_general\">consul general<\/a><\/strong>. The Chinese civil war revived and in 1949 the\u00a0Communists\u00a0entered Shanghai. Under pressure from the\u00a0French, who hoped to protect their interests in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indochina\">Indochina<\/a>, Belgium declined to recognise the\u00a0People\u2019s Republic of China\u00a0for the next 20 years. He considered this a political mistake and regretted the failure to comprehend the rivalry between\u00a0Soviet\u00a0and\u00a0Chinese\u00a0Communism.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In early 1950, he left Shanghai for\u00a0Washington, D.C.\u00a0as second counsellor at the Belgian embassy.\u00a0<strong>It was the time of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_War\">Korean War<\/a>\u00a0and the build-up of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO\">NATO<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0and after two years in Washington, Robert went to\u00a0Paris\u00a0as a Belgian representative on the council of NATO.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Rothschild\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Robert Rothschild \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h1 id=\"david-sassoon\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">David Sassoon<\/h1>\n<p><em>Indian merchant and banker; born at Bagdad Oct., 1792; died at Bombay Nov. 7, 1864. He had a fair knowledge of Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Hindustani, but not of English. His father, who was a wealthy Mesopotamian merchant, and who was for many years state treasurer to the Turkish governor of Bagdad, was known as \u201cNasi [= \u201cPrince\u201d] of the Captivity.\u201d David Sassoon was employed in a banking-house at Bagdad till 1822. After the plague he left Bagdad for Bassora, proceeding thence to Bushire. In 1832 an important commercial engagement caused him to visit Bombay, to which city he subsequently removed with his family.\u00a0<strong>Here he established the house of David Sassoon &amp; Co., with branches at Calcutta, Shanghai, Canton, and Hongkong; and his business, which included a monopoly of the opium-trade, extended as far as Yokohama, Nagasaki, and other cities in Japan.<\/strong>\u00a0Sassoon attributed his great success to the employment of his sons as his agents and to his strict observance of the law of tithe.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/13218-sassoon#anchor2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jewish Encyclopedia \u2013 Sassoon<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h1 id=\"jacob-henry-schiff\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jacob Henry Schiff<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><em><strong>Jacob Henry Schiff<\/strong>\u00a0(born\u00a0<strong>Jakob Heinrich Schiff<\/strong>; January 10, 1847 \u2013 September 25, 1920) was a Jewish-American\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banker\">banker<\/a>, businessman, and philanthropist. Among many other things, he helped finance the expansion of American railroads and the Japanese military efforts against\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_Empire\">Tsarist Russia<\/a>\u00a0in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russo-Japanese_War\">Russo-Japanese War<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Born in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frankfurt\">Frankfurt<\/a>,\u00a0Germany, Schiff migrated to the\u00a0United States\u00a0after the\u00a0American Civil War\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>joined the firm\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuhn,_Loeb_%26_Co.\">Kuhn, Loeb &amp; Co.<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0From his base on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street\">Wall Street<\/a>,\u00a0<strong>he was the foremost\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish\">Jewish<\/a>\u00a0leader from 1880 to 1920 in what later became known as the \u201cSchiff era\u201d<\/strong>, grappling with all major Jewish issues and problems of the day, including the plight of Russian Jews under the Tsar, American and international\u00a0anti-semitism, care of needy Jewish immigrants, and th<strong>e rise of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streams_of_Zionism\">Zionism<\/a>.\u00a0He\u00a0<\/strong>also became a director of many important corporations, including the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_City_Bank_(New_York_City)\">National City Bank of New York<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AXA_Equitable_Life_Insurance_Company\">Equitable Life Assurance Society<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wells_Fargo_%26_Company\">Wells Fargo &amp; Company<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Union_Pacific_Railroad\">Union Pacific Railroad<\/a>. In many of his interests he was associated with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/E._H._Harriman\">E. H. Harriman<\/a>. [ . . .]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>What was perhaps Schiff\u2019s most famous financial action was during the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russo-Japanese_War\">Russo-Japanese War<\/a>, in 1904 and 1905.\u00a0<strong>Schiff met\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Takahashi_Korekiyo\">Takahashi Korekiyo<\/a>, deputy governor of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bank_of_Japan\">Bank of Japan<\/a><\/strong>, in Paris in April 1904.\u00a0<strong>He subsequently extended loans to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_of_Japan\">Empire of Japan<\/a>\u00a0in the amount of $200 million (equivalent to $33.1 billion in 2016), through Kuhn, Loeb &amp; Co.<\/strong>\u00a0These loans were the first major flotation of Japanese bonds on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wall_Street\">Wall Street<\/a>, and\u00a0<strong>provided approximately half the funds needed for Japan\u2019s war effort<\/strong>. [ . . . ]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>This loan attracted worldwide attention, and had major consequences. Japan won the war, thanks in large part to the purchase of munitions made possible by Schiff\u2019s loan. Some of the Japanese leadership saw this as evidence of the power of Jews all around the world, raised the issue of Jewish loyalties in the Diaspora and as proof of the truth of the\u00a0Protocols of the Elders of Zion. In 1905, Japan awarded Schiff the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Order_of_the_Sacred_Treasure\">Order of the Sacred Treasure<\/a>;\u00a0and in 1907, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun\">Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star<\/a>, the second highest of the eight classes of that Order.\u00a0Schiff was the first foreigner to receive the Order in person from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emperor_Meiji\">Emperor Meiji<\/a>\u00a0in the Imperial Palace.Schiff also had a private audience with King\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom\">Edward VII of the United Kingdom<\/a>\u00a0in 1904.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>In addition to his famous loan to Japan,\u00a0<strong>Schiff financed loans to many other nations<\/strong>, including those that would come to comprise the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Powers\">Central Powers<\/a>. [ . . . ]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacob_Schiff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacob Schiff \u2013 Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h1 id=\"sidney-shapiro\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sidney Shapiro<\/h1>\n<p><em><strong>Sidney Shapiro<\/strong>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language\">Chinese<\/a>:\u00a0\u6c99\u535a\u7406;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pinyin\">pinyin<\/a>:\u00a0Sh\u0101 B\u00f3l\u01d0) (December 23, 1915 \u2013 October 18, 2014) was an American-born Chinese translator and author who lived in\u00a0China\u00a0from 1947 to 2014. He lived in\u00a0Beijing\u00a0for over a half century and was a\u00a0<strong>member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference\">Chinese People\u2019s Political Consultative Council<\/a><\/strong>.\u00a0<strong>He was one of very few\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Naturalized_citizens_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China\">naturalized citizens of the PRC<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Shapiro held\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_nationality_law\">citizenship of the People\u2019s Republic of China<\/a>\u00a0from 1963, before the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Cultural_Revolution\">Cultural Revolution<\/a>, to the end of his life. He was a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference\">People\u2019s Political Consultative Conference<\/a><\/strong>, a governmental assembly of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Republic_of_China\">PRC<\/a>\u00a0which ostensibly provides a forum for input from non-Communist political organizations.<\/em>[ . . . ]<\/p>\n<p><em>Shapiro\u2019s connections with China began during\u00a0World War II, when he was serving in the United States armed forces. He was chosen to learn\u00a0Chinese\u00a0by the\u00a0United States Army\u00a0in preparation for a possible American landing in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan\">Japanese<\/a>\u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Sino-Japanese_War\">occupied China<\/a>. After attaining a\u00a0law degree\u00a0in the US, he went to China, arriving in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai\">Shanghai<\/a>\u00a0in 1947. There, he met his future wife, an actress named Fengzi (Phoenix), who was a supporter of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_Party_of_China\">Communist Party of China<\/a>\u00a0prior to its ascent to power. Beginning in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultural_Revolution\">Cultural Revolution<\/a>, she spent 10 years under house arrest for her opposition to Mao\u2019s wife,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiang_Qing\">Jiang Qing<\/a>.\u00a0She later became one of the most prominent drama critics in the People\u2019s Republic.\u00a0<\/em>[ . . . ]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>For nearly 50 years, he was employed by the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People%27s_Republic_of_China\">state-run<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_Languages_Press\">Foreign Languages Press<\/a>\u00a0(FLP) as a translator of works of Chinese literature.<\/strong>\u00a0He is best known for his highly regarded English version of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Outlaws_of_the_Marsh\">Outlaws of the Marsh<\/a>,\u00a0one of the most important classics of Chinese literature. FLP recently reissued Shapiro\u2019s translation as part of a bilingual collection called\u00a0Library of Chinese Classics.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Shapiro was also an actor in many Chinese movies, typecast as the American villain.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Shapiro\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidney_Shapiro<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Allan Zeman<\/h1>\n<p><em><strong>Allan Zeman<\/strong><small><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grand_Bauhinia_Medal\">GBM<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gold_Bauhinia_Star\">GBS<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Justice_of_the_Peace\">JP<\/a><\/small>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_name\">Chinese name<\/a>: \u76db\u667a\u6587; born 1949) is a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongkonger\">Hong Kong<\/a>\u00a0business magnate. He is known in Hong Kong as the \u201cFather of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lan_Kwai_Fong\">Lan Kwai Fong<\/a>\u201d (\u862d\u6842\u574a\u4e4b\u7236).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Zeman is prominent in government circles, sitting on various committees, boards and advisory bodies. He is a long-standing member of the Board of Governors of the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce. He is a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Economic_and_Employment_Council&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Economic and Employment Council<\/a>\u00a0in Hong Kong. He is a board member of the Tourism Strategy Group for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_Tourism_Commission\">Hong Kong Tourism Commission<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Cultural_and_Heritage_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Cultural and Heritage Commission<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urban_Renewal_Authority\">Urban Renewal Authority<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Zeman#cite_note-WSCbio-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0He is a member of the International Events Fund Steering Committee for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_Tourism_Board\">Hong Kong Tourism Board<\/a>. He was appointed as a member of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Services_Promotion_Strategy_Group&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Services Promotion Strategy Group<\/a>, chaired by the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_Secretary_(Hong_Kong)\">Financial Secretary<\/a>. He is on the Board of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_Arts_Festival\">Hong Kong Arts Festival<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Community_Chest_of_Hong_Kong\">Hong Kong Community Chest<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Zeman#cite_note-WSCbio-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Zeman\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Zeman<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"fulfillment-of-the-jewish-ingathering-prophecy\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2018Fulfillment\u2019 of the Jewish \u2018ingathering\u2019 \u2018prophecy\u2019<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/watch?v=JmcaAfE8GBw%3Fversion%3D3%26rel%3D0%26showsearch%3D0%26showinfo%3D1%26iv_load_policy%3D1%26fs%3D1%26hl%3Den%26autohide%3D2%26wmode%3Dtransparent\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/youtube.com\/watch?v=JmcaAfE8GBw%3Fversion%3D3%26rel%3D0%26showsearch%3D0%26showinfo%3D1%26iv_load_policy%3D1%26fs%3D1%26hl%3Den%26autohide%3D2%26wmode%3Dtransparent<\/a><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u201cJewish history in the making\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>The\u00a0<strong>Gathering of Israel<\/strong>\u00a0(Hebrew:\u00a0\u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e5 \u05d2\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u200e,\u00a0Kibbutz Galuyot\u00a0(Biblical:\u00a0Qibbu\u1e63 Galuyoth), lit.\u00a0<strong>Ingathering of the Exiles<\/strong>, also known as\u00a0<strong>Ingathering of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_diaspora\">Jewish diaspora<\/a><\/strong>) is the biblical promise of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Deuteronomy+30%3A1-5&amp;version=NRSV\">Deuteronomy 30:1-5<\/a>\u00a0given by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moses\">Moses<\/a>\u00a0to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People_of_Israel\">people of Israel<\/a>\u00a0prior to their entrance into\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Land_of_Israel\">the Land of Israel<\/a>\u00a0(Eretz Yisrael).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>During the days of the\u00a0Babylonian exile, writings of the prophets\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaiah\">Isaiah<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ezekiel\">Ezekiel<\/a>\u00a0encouraged the people of Israel with a promise of a future gathering of the exiles to the land of Israel.\u00a0<strong>The continual hope for a return of the Israelite exiles to the land has been in the hearts of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jews\">Jews<\/a>\u00a0ever since the destruction of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Temple\">Second Temple<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"maimonides-connected-its-materialization-with-the-coming-of-the-messiah\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maimonides\">MAIMONIDES<\/a>\u00a0CONNECTED ITS MATERIALIZATION WITH THE COMING OF THE\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_messianism\">MESSIAH<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n<p><em><strong>The gathering of the exiles in the land of Israel, became the core idea of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zionist_Movement\">Zionist Movement<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0and the core idea of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_of_Independence_(Israel)\">Israel\u2019s Scroll of Independence<\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_of_Independence_(Israel)\">Megilat Ha\u2019atzmaut<\/a>), embodied by the idea of going up,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aliyah\">Aliyah<\/a>, since the\u00a0Holy Land\u00a0is considered to be spiritually higher than all other land. The immigration of Jews to the land and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Israel\">State of Israel<\/a>, the \u201cmass\u201d wave of\u00a0Aliyot\u00a0(plural form), has been likened to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Exodus\">Exodus<\/a>\u00a0from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egypt\">Egypt<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gathering_of_Israel\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gathering_of_Israel<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Isaiah 49:12<\/p>\n<p>\u2018Behold, these shall come from afar, and behold these from the north and from the west, and these from the land of Sinim.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>\u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05b5\u05bc\u05a3\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b5\u0595\u05dc\u05b6\u05bc\u05d4 \u05de\u05b5\u05bd\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7\u0596\u05d5\u05b9\u05e7 \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05b9\u0591\u05d0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d5\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05b5\u05bc\u05d4\u05be\u05d0\u05b5\u0599\u05dc\u05b6\u05bc\u05d4\u0599 \u05de\u05b4\u05e6\u05b8\u05bc\u05e4\u05a3\u05d5\u05b9\u05df<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05b8\u05bc\u0594\u05dd \u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u0596\u05dc\u05b6\u05bc\u05d4 \u05de\u05b5\u05d0\u05b6\u05a5\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05e1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05bd\u05d9\u05dd:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chabad.org\/library\/bible_cdo\/aid\/15980\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.chabad.org\/library\/bible_cdo\/aid\/15980<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>The Jewish population in Israel comprises all\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_ethnic_divisions\">Jewish diaspora communities<\/a><\/strong>, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ashkenazi_Jews\">Ashkenazi Jews<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sephardi_Jews\">Sephardi Jews<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizrahi_Jews\">Mizrahi Jews<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beta_Israel\">Beta Israel<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cochin_Jews\">Cochin Jews<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bene_Israel\">Bene Israel<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karaite_Jews\">Karaite Jews<\/a>, and many other groups. The Israeli Jewish community manifests a wide range of\u00a0Jewish cultural traditions, as well as encompassing the full spectrum of religious observance, from the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ultra-Orthodox_Jews\">haredi\u00a0<\/a>communities to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secular_Jews\">hilonim<\/a>\u00a0Jewish communities who live a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secular_Jewish_culture\">secular lifestyle<\/a>. Among the Jewish population, over 25% of the schoolchildren and over 35% of all newborns are of mixed ancestry of both\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ashkenazi\">Ashkenazi<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sephardi\">Sephardi<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizrahi\">Mizrahi<\/a>\u00a0descent and increases by 0.5% each year. Over 50% of the Jewish population is of at least a partial Sephardi\/Mizrahi descent.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli_Jews\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Israeli_Jews<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 id=\"david-rockefeller\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">David\u00a0Rockefeller<\/h2>\n<p><em>Whatever the price of the Chinese Revolution, it has obviously succeeded not only in producing more efficient and dedicated administration, but also in fostering high morale and community of purpose. The social experiment in China under Chairman Mao\u2019s leadership is one of the most important and successful in human history.\u2013 David\u00a0Rockefeller<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7870\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=150&amp;h=84 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=300&amp;h=169 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=768&amp;h=432 768w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=576 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" data-attachment-id=\"7870\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/isra-china-port\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"isra-china-port\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/isra-china-port.jpg?w=300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/us-news\/.premium.HIGHLIGHT-israel-is-giving-china-the-keys-to-its-largest-port-and-the-u-s-navy-may-abandon-israel-1.6470527\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SOURCE<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In China, Pushing the Talmud as a Business Guide<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/china-pushing-talmud-business-guide-69075\">NEWSWEEK<\/a>, 12\/29\/10<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/57099\/page-talmud-book-consisting-early-rabbinical-writings-that-inform-judaic-tradition.jpg\" alt=\"A page from the Talmud, the book consisting of early rabbinical writings that inform the Judaic tradition.\" width=\"629\" height=\"419\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A page from the Talmud, the book consisting of early rabbinical writings that inform the Judaic tradition.P DELISS \/ GODONG-CORBIS<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Jewish visitors to China often receive a snap greeting when they reveal their religion: \u201cVery smart, very clever, and very good at business,\u201d the Chinese person says. Last year\u2019s Google Zeitgeist China rankings listed \u201cwhy are Jews excellent?\u201d in fourth place in the \u201cwhy\u201d questions category, just behind \u201cwhy should I enter the party\u201d and above \u201cwhy should I get married?\u201d (Google didn\u2019t publish a \u201cwhy\u201d category in Mandarin this year.) And the apparent affection for Jewishness has led to a surprising trend in publishing over the last few years: books purporting to reveal the business secrets of the Talmud that capitalize on the widespread impression among Chinese that attributes of Judaism lead to success in the financial arts.<\/p>\n<p>Titles such as\u00a0<em>Crack the Talmud:\u00a0<\/em><em>101 Jewish Business Rules, The Illustrated Jewish Wisdom Book,<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Know All of the Money-Making Stories of the Talmud<\/em>\u00a0share the shelves with stories of Warren Buffet and Bill Gates. There\u2019s even a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/talmud.hotel.com.tw\/eng\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Talmud hotel in Taiwan<\/a>\u00a0inspired by \u201cthe Talmud\u2019s concept of success\u201d that features a copy of the book\u00a0<em>Talmud Business Success Bible<\/em>\u00a0in every room. With the increasing interest in business education in China, and a rise in sales of self-help literature, the production of business guides to the Talmud has exploded. The guides are like the Chinese equivalents of books such as\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.suntzu1.com\/content\/sun_tzu_and_the_art_of_business\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sun Tzu and the Art of Business<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Han Bing, the (pseudonymous) author of\u00a0<em>Crack the Talmud,<\/em>\u00a0says a series on the \u201cJewish Bible\u201d by a prominent publisher made him realize that \u201cancient Jews and today\u2019s Chinese face a lot of the same problems,\u201d such as immigration and isolation. The business rules he lists include such unsurprising\u2014and universal\u2014exhortations as \u201ctell a customer about defects,\u201d \u201chelp more people,\u201d and \u201ca partnership based on emotions is not dependable.\u201d No statistics are available on the sales of this sliver of the book market. But while the guides haven\u2019t reached the heights of books such as\u00a0<em>Jewish Family Education,<\/em>\u00a0which claims to have sold more than 1 million copies, they currently are \u201cvery popular\u201d and a \u201chot topic,\u201d says Wang Jian, associate dean of the Center of Jewish Studies in Shanghai, a research institution that focuses on Jewish culture and history, and Israel. The Talmud \u201chas become a handbook for doing business and seeking fortunes,\u201d Wang says.<\/p>\n<p>The Chinese perception of Jews as expert moneymakers does not have the religion-based antagonism that often accompanies the same stereotype elsewhere in the world, and probably had its start in the mid-19th century, when investors began flocking to China. Many of the first foreign real-estate tycoons, such as Silas Hardoon and the scions of the Sassoon family, were Jewish. Michael Kadoorie\u2014who hails from a wealthy Jewish family that dates its China connection back to 19th-century Shanghai, and who\u2019s made his fortune in power generators and hotels\u2014currently\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.forbes.com\/lists\/2010\/82\/hong-kong-rich-10_Michael-Kadoorie_9O0I.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ranks as the richest non-Chinese in greater China, with an estimated net worth of $5 billion<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The admiration for Judaism stems from a history that goes beyond business. About half of the dozen or so Westerners active in Mao Zedong\u2019s China were Jewish, and that also led to increased interest in Jewish culture among Chinese intellectuals, says Xu Xin, professor of Jewish studies at Nanjing University. That\u2019s resulted in mostly glowing portrayals of certain Jewish individuals in the official Chinese press. They included Sidney Rittenberg, the first American citizen to join the Chinese Communist Party, and journalist Israel Epstein, who interviewed Mao at length and whose funeral was attended by China\u2019s President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao. Rittenberg, who spent 16 years in solitary confinement in China, made the transition from party ideologue to consultant upon his release, and now operates the successful Rittenberg &amp; Associates, which trades off his personal relationships with communist leaders and has advised companies including Microsoft, Hughes Aircraft, and Levi Strauss.<\/p>\n<p>Non-Chinese experts on Judaism are quick to point out that the Talmud is not a business manual. While the Talmud mentions contract law, zoning, and problems involved with charging interest, it\u2019s not a get-rich-quick guide, says Rabbi Eliezer Diamond, associate professor of Talmud and rabbinics at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York. \u201cI\u2019ve heard a couple of [Chinese] people say that Jews are smart because of the Talmud. But they don\u2019t seem to know what it is. I think they see it as some sort of secret intelligence book,\u201d added Rabbi Nussin Rodin, a Beijing-based emissary of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement. \u201cI once got a letter from someone in China saying, I\u2019m very interested in making money so I\u2019d like to know what you teach at your courses about how to make money,\u201d says Diamond. \u201cOf course, there aren\u2019t too many people in the Jewish Theological Seminary pulling in the big bucks.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The notion of the Talmud as a book full of business secrets for others to search for is not entirely benign. Two of the books feature the quote \u201cNo one can defeat the Jews, unless they\u2019ve read our holy book the Talmud\u201d on their cover, spuriously attributed to financier George Soros. \u201cThere are anti-Semites throughout the world who will say they want a Jewish lawyer, because Jews are good lawyers,\u201d says Diamond. Han Bing says he has never met a Jew and cautioned NEWSWEEK that he\u2019s not sure if he\u2019s gotten his portrayal right. But he nevertheless states that \u201cJews understand that money itself is neither good nor bad.\u201d He sees his book as \u201cbringing some light into the dark room of Chinese businesses.\u201d At the same time, he complains that no businessman has ever contacted him to say how the book may have changed him. \u201cThere\u2019s just too many of these books out there,\u201d he acknowledges.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">At the Harvard of China, something brand nu \u2014\u00a0a class in Yiddish<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/culture\/518203\/beijing-peking-university-yiddish-class\/\">FORWARD<\/a>\u00a0\/ September 18, 2022<\/p>\n<p>At Peking University, students from a variety of majors are learning the alef-beys<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1854\" src=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2400\" height=\"1350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1.jpg 2400w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/general-view-2400x1350-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Yang Meng\u2019s Yiddish class at Peking University.\u00a0<em>Courtesy of Yang Meng<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Over 30 students gathered for the first Yiddish class at Peking University in Beijing \u2013 and, according to its instructor, the first Yiddish class ever taught in China.<\/p>\n<p>On the evening of Sept. 7, enrollees and auditors in majors ranging from psychology, space physics, engineering, law and mathematics, learned the\u00a0<em>alef-beys<\/em>\u00a0and the popular Yiddish song about learning it, \u201c<em>A<\/em><em>fn Pripetshik.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>Their instructor was Yang Meng, one of only a handful of Chinese academics fluent in the language. She\u2019s also the first we know of to perform a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/culture\/music\/323094\/the-first-chinese-yiddish-song\/\">Chinese-Yiddish song.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Yang learned Yiddish as part of her Ph.D. research on the Jewish exile in Shanghai during the Shoah. \u201cAmong the scholars of Jewish studies, I happened to know there was no\u00a0mainland Chinese who spoke Yiddish at the time,\u201d Yang said, \u201cI thought why not give it a try!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I spoke with Yang over email about how the class is going, the state of Jewish studies in China and why Chinese students may find common ground with Yiddish language and culture.<\/p>\n<p>The following conversation has been lightly edited for length and clarity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What would you say is the awareness of Yiddish in China? Is it distinct from the awareness of other modes of Jewish culture and languages?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The overwhelming majority of Chinese have no idea of Yiddish. Even in Peking University, the so-called Chinese Harvard, very few students or faculties ever heard about Yiddish. Some students came to my Yiddish class because they once were my students in my course \u201cJewish Civilization in a Global Context.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Most Chinese have very little knowledge about Judaism because it is not part of the education in schools or in universities. Out of 200-plus students of my Jewish civilization course last semester, only five of them ever knew the word \u201cHolocaust,\u201d though they all knew this tragic event. Very few ever heard of Shabbat, let alone Yiddish.<\/p>\n<p><strong>From reading a piece in the Yiddish studies journal<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ingeveb.org\/blog\/the-state-of-yiddish-studies-in-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>In geveb,<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0I learned there is\u00a0 a Jewish studies program at Nanjing University as well. What is the state of the field of Jewish studies in China overall? And has it changed since you started?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Very few universities or academic institutions in China have Jewish studies programs, e.g., Nanjing University, Shandong University, Henan University, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Social Sciences, etc. Other universities only have one or two scholars who are doing related research or teaching. As in the city Beijing, where there are almost 100 universities or colleges, my Jewish civilization course is the only Jewish civilization course which is open university-wide.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_518286\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-518286\" src=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/alefbeys-teaching-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Yang Meng (by the screen) taught the Alef-beys using a clip from \u201cSchindler\u2019s List.\u201d On the board, \u201cI am from China\u201d is written in English, German and Yiddish, as all three are Germanic languages.\u00a0<em>Courtesy of Yang Meng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Do you have people to speak Yiddish with in China? Apart from your class?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The only Yiddish-speaking couple I know in Beijing are the rabbi and his wife. So I am trying to make students understand that Yiddish is a key to Jewish culture. This was the Jewish language in the prewar Jewish world, this was the language that has influenced American English and the culture that made an impact on American society after the war, this is the language which today Holocaust survivors speak and the Orthodox community worldwide speak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is there anything about Yiddish \u2014 either as a language, or in the culture or stories surrounding it \u2014 that you feel Chinese students are likely to recognize in their own backgrounds and culture?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As Shanghainese is my mother tongue, I have more feelings for different languages\/dialects. Today Shanghainese is also facing a similar situation as Yiddish is and even worse, as there was no such rich literature of Shanghainese as there was in Yiddish. Shanghainese has its unique flavor and it should not just disappear. There are already efforts to revive Shanghainese in Shanghai, e.g., courses on Shanghainese in school in Shanghai. Students coming from all parts of China have dialects from their hometown (their shtetl), and they might sense the meaning of a local language which is closely attached to its people.<\/p>\n<p>Last semester I organized two screenings:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/tag\/menashe\/\">\u201cMenashe\u201d<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/tag\/unorthodox\/\">\u201cUnorthodox\u201d<\/a>\u00a0and I guided the Chinese students to understand the language and culture in the films. This semester I plan to screen films from Woody Allen and the series \u201cShtisel.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do you think you\u2019ll get the chance to teach Yiddish next semester as well?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Next semester I will lead a seminar on \u201cWorld Jewish Literature and Art.\u201d I would love to open more on Jewish studies but it is not easy to get approved. I have tried, fought, insisted, persisted. My colleague Professor Zhao Baisheng wrote a very supportive letter for my Yiddish course and finally my Yiddish course got approved after repeated failures. I am very grateful to the Kehillat Beijing and Kehillat Shanghai. Both Jewish communities in China have offered me a lot of help and support on my teaching and I firmly believe it is very meaningful to promote Jewish studies in China and let both Chinese and Jewish civilizations find their ways to know each other.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_518740\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-518740\" src=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/group-picture-of-yiddish-class-in-China-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The students of Yang Meng\u2019s Yiddish class.\u00a0<em>Photo by Yang Meng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forward.com\/culture\/451296\/in-shanghai-a-refuge-for-jews-fleeing-nazi-europe\/\">In Shanghai, a refuge for Jews fleeing Nazi Europe<\/a><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">BONUS<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-16940\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png 792w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png?w=150&amp;h=116 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png?w=300&amp;h=232 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png?w=768&amp;h=593 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"792\" height=\"612\" data-attachment-id=\"16940\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2021\/05\/29\/chinese-communism-is-as-jewish-as-its-russian-cousin\/image-1-20\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png\" data-orig-size=\"792,612\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png?w=300\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-16946\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 842px) 100vw, 842px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png 842w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png?w=150&amp;h=106 150w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png?w=300&amp;h=212 300w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png?w=768&amp;h=543 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"842\" height=\"595\" data-attachment-id=\"16946\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2021\/05\/29\/chinese-communism-is-as-jewish-as-its-russian-cousin\/image-2-21\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png\" data-orig-size=\"842,595\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image-2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png?w=300\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png?w=300\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PS:<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13192\" src=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg 720w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg?w=100&amp;h=150 100w, https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg?w=200&amp;h=300 200w\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"1080\" data-attachment-id=\"13192\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/stalins-jews\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"720,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"stalins-jews\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg?w=200\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/stalins-jews.jpg?w=300\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>___<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/silview.media\/2021\/05\/29\/chinese-communism-is-as-jewish-as-its-russian-cousin\/\">https:\/\/silview.media\/2021\/05\/29\/chinese-communism-is-as-jewish-as-its-russian-cousin\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chinese Communism Is as Jewish as its Russian Cousin (YouTube ban winner) by Silviu &#8220;Silview&#8221; Costinescu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1840"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1840\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}